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Computer Science > Networking > Flashcards

Networking Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a network?

A

When computers are connected, directly or through a server. A network can also be a method of accessing the internet.

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2
Q

Define server

A

An external device which devices connect to to exchange emails, files etc

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3
Q

Define client

A

The device with sends and receives data

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4
Q

Define communication medium

A

The method of communication which is established between a client and server

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5
Q

Define network adapter

A

A piece of hardware which connects the client to the internet.

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6
Q

Define wireless access point

A

A piece of hardware which broadcasts a wireless signal.

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7
Q

Define network resources

A

Something that can be accessed by anyone on the network, eg: printer

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8
Q

Define users

A

The people who operate on the network

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9
Q

Define protocols

A

Defines the network rules which control the communication process

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10
Q

Define TCP

A

Takes your data and breaks it into smaller units. Puts it back into the correct order on the receiving end

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11
Q

Define IP

A

IP (Internet Protocol) essentially is the internet, it relays data on the internet.
Provides an addressing scheme for devices directly linked to the internet

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12
Q

Define POP3

A

POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is the newest protocol for receiving email.

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13
Q

Define SMTP

A

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) the way email is sent

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14
Q

Define HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol - used to transmit HTML pages

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15
Q

Define HTTPS

A

HTTPS - secure version of HTML used to things such as online banking

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16
Q

Define FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol - Used to copy files from one computer to another over a network.

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17
Q

Disadvantages of a network

A 
Hacking
Viruses spread quicker
Expensive
Unsecure at times
Reliance on one central server
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18
Q

Advantages of a network

A 
Access to much more than local data
Communication between people
Offsite storage
Access to wireless devices
Network resources can be shared
Security - access rights
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19
Q

Define WAN

A

Wide Area Network - A type of network where systems are connected over a large space, more than 1km. Achieved with cable

20
Q

Define LAN

A

Local Area Network - A type of network where systems are connected over a small space, usually within a room or a few buildings. Usually achieved with Ethernet within the campus or wireless

21
Q

Define PAN

A

Personal Area Network - A type of network where the systems are connected within 10 meters. EG: printers and a computer. Usually uses bluetooth.

22
Q

Define Standalone

A

A standalone is a single machine which connects within itself.

23
Q

Define network topology

A

Defines the way in which the network devices are put together (connected)

24
Q

Explain how a Bus network works

A

A bus network is when systems are directly connected in a linear form. Each end of the bus network has a terminator

25
Q

Explain how a Star network works

A

A star is a topology for LAN where all systems are connected to a central network point, eg switch.

26
Q

Advantages of bus

A

Least amount of cable required.

27
Q

Disadvantages of bus

A

If one cable fails the whole network does

28
Q

Advantages of Star

A

If one cable fails the whole network doesn’t

29
Q

Disadvantages of Star

A

Uses more cable

30
Q

Advantages of Wireless

A

Portable, cheaper

31
Q

Disadvantages of wireless

A

Slower connection speeds

32
Q

Advantages of wired

A

Faster connection speeds

33
Q

Disadvantages of wired

A

More expensive, less portable

34
Q

Define MAC

A

Media access control address - internal address on the NIC. Is a way to tell where the data is required to be sent.

35
Q

What is a client server network?

A

This is when there are different clients that access one centralised computer, known as a server.

There is a reliance on the server.

36
Q

Explain the handshake principle

A

The exchange of information/data between two or more different devices.
A way of setting out the communication process.

37
Q

What are the five basic needs of a communication system

A

Source - where the data originates
Transmitter - device used to transmit
Transmission medium - cables or other method
Receiver - a device to receive
Destination - where data will be placed of displayed.

38
Q

Explain Bandwidth

A

The amount of data that can be transmitted at one time.

39
Q

Explain Baud rate

A

It determines the speed of data over a single channel, it is a common measure of symbol rate. How quickly a change of state occurs - 0 to 1.

40
Q

Explain data packet

A

A small piece of information which travels along the network.

41
Q

Explain client side scripting

A

Client side scripting is when code is run at the client end of the network. ie, validating that the information in a form is correct.

42
Q

Explain server side scripting

A

Server side scripting is when code is run at the server end of the network. ie, checking an email isn’t already taken. All secure activity such as banking must be done server side.

43
Q

Explain API

A

Application programming interface. A way of creating ‘ready made’ pieces to a website or application. Ie: putting user based adverts on their site linking to another page.

44
Q

Why do you need to secure a network?

A

It is essential to prevent people from accessing things remotely that they shouldn’t have access to

45
Q

How can you secure a netwok?

A

Methods:

- Authentication
- Firewall
    - MAC addressing filtering
46
Q

Explain Encryption

A

Protects data from people who should not have access to it as they cannot read it.

47
Q

Explain Plaintext

A

message before encryption

Computer Science (2 decks)

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