Networking Flashcards
What is the difference between unicast, broadcast, and multicast?
Sends packets to:
Unicast - Individual / host
Broadcast - All hosts
Multicast - Group of hosts
What does topology refer to in networking?
Physical and logical layer
What is a MAC Address and how is it designated?
Physical or ethernet address embedded on the NIC
What are the IPv4 reserved address ranges and what is each range used for?
Multicast 224.00.0/8 - 239.0.0.0/8
Loopback 127.0.0.0/8
Link Local 169.254.0.0/16
What is CSM-A and CSM-CD?
CSM-A - Collision avoidance, Wifi
CSM-CD - Collision detection, wired systems
What is the main difference between a LAN, WLAN, and WAN.
LAN - Local
WLAN - Wireless local
WAN - Wide area
What are the seven layers of the OSI Model, what does each layer do, what addresses are used at each layer, and what protocols reside within the model?
Layer 7. Application - contains protocols used for process-to-process communications. Protocol data unit: Data
Layer 6. Presentation - common representation of the data transferred between application layer services. Protocol data unit: Data
Layer 5. Session - provides services to the presentation layer to organize its dialog and manage data exchange. Protocol data unit: Data
Layer 4. Transport - defines services to segment, transfer, and reassemble the data for individual communications between the end devices. Protocol data unit: Segment / Datagram
Layer 3. Network - provides services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network between identified end devices. Protocol data unit: Packet
Layer 2. Data Link - describes methods for exchanging data frames between devices over a common media. Protocol data unit: Frame
Layer 1. Physical - the mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural means to activate, maintain, and de-activate physical connections for bit transmission to and from a network drive. Protocol data unit: Bit
What is the difference between propriety and open protocols?
Proprietary - company controls the definition of the protocol and how it functions.
How does a switch work?
The switch allows different devices on a network to communicate / layer 2
How does a router work?
It allows different networks to communicate, connects to the internet.
How many topologies are there? Which is the most common? The most complex?
Types: point-to-point, hub-to-spoke, mesh. hub to spoke is the most common; and Mesh is the most complex.
How does 802.3 control access to the media?
Known as ethernet standard, defines the physical layer and the MAC of the data link layer (wired).
How does 802.11 control access to the media?
Wireless (wifi) standards
When do you need a crossover vs. a straight thru cable?
crossover - like devices
straight thru - unlike / different devices
How do you express 0 - F (Haxadecimal) in binary format?
0 - 0000 1 - 0001 2-0010 3 - 0011 4 - 0100 5 - 0101 6 - 0110 7 - 0111 8 - 1000 9- 1001 A - 1011 B - 1011 C - 1100 D - 1101 E - 1110 F - 1111
