Networking

Question 1

What is the Internet Protocol (IP)?

Answer 1

The principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.

IP delivers packets from the source host to the destination host based on IP addresses in packet headers.

Question 2

What are the two types of Internet Protocol addressing?

Answer 2

IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 addresses are 32 bits, while IPv6 addresses are 128 bits.

Question 3

What is the main advantage of IPv6 over IPv4?

Answer 3

Larger address space with approximately 3.4×10^38 addresses.

IPv6 has a length of 128 bits compared to IPv4’s 32 bits.

Question 4

Define Domain Name Server (DNS).

Answer 4

Special servers that translate host names into IP addresses.

Question 5

What are the two higher-level protocols used in conjunction with IP?

Answer 5

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Question 6

What is the function of TCP?

Answer 6

Enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data while guaranteeing delivery and order of packets.

Question 7

What is the function of UDP?

Answer 7

A connectionless, low-overhead protocol that allows an application program on one computer to send a datagram to an application program on another computer.

Question 8

What is the client/server model?

Answer 8

A model where one process (the client) connects to another process (the server) to request information.

Question 9

What is a socket?

Answer 9

One end of an interprocess communication channel.

Question 10

What classes does Java provide for socket communication?

Answer 10

• ServerSocket class for creating server sockets
• Socket class for creating client sockets

Question 11

What is the range of port numbers?

Answer 11

0 to 65536, with 0 to 1024 reserved for privileged services.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The statement to create a server socket is _______.

Answer 12

[serverSocket]

Question 13

What methods are used to get input and output streams from a socket?

Answer 13

• getInputStream()
• getOutputStream()

Question 14

What is multithreading?

Answer 14

The ability for multiple tasks in a program to be executed concurrently.

Question 15

What must a task class implement to run in a thread?

Answer 15

Runnable interface.

Question 16

What method must be implemented in the Runnable interface?

Answer 16

run method.

Question 17

What class is used to create threads in Java?

Answer 17

Thread class.

Question 18

What is the purpose of the start() method in a thread?

Answer 18

To tell the JVM that the thread is ready to run.

Question 19

True or False: The Thread class implements the Runnable interface.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

What is the purpose of the DataInputStream and DataOutputStream classes?

Answer 20

To read and write primitive data values.

Question 21

What does the following code do? new Thread(new Runnable() {…}).start()

Answer 21

Creates and starts a new thread that runs the specified Runnable.

Question 22

What is the purpose of the ServerSocket in a server implementation?

Answer 22

To listen for connections on a specified port.

Question 23

What happens when a server accepts a connection?

Answer 23

Communication between the server and client is established through I/O streams.

Question 24

What is the role of the ThreadForClient class in the example?

Answer 24

Handles the connection to each client in a separate thread.