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Cybersecurity > Networking > Flashcards

Networking Flashcards

1
Q

What are the seven layers of the OSI Model?

A

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application.

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2
Q

What is data communication?

A

The process of transmitting data between devices using a medium like cables or wireless signals.

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3
Q

Name three common network topologies.

A

Star, Ring, Mesh.

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4
Q

What are the main types of networks?

A

LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and MAN (Metropolitan Area Network).

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5
Q

What is WAN termination?

A

The point where a WAN connection ends, usually at a router or modem.

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6
Q

What is a virtual network?

A

A network where components like servers and routers are virtualized, often in cloud environments.

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7
Q

What is a provider link in networking?

A

The connection between a user’s network and their internet service provider.

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8
Q

What is copper cabling used for in networking?

A

Copper cables, like Ethernet cables, are used to transmit data through electrical signals.

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9
Q

What are the advantages of optical fiber?

A

High speed and long-distance data transmission using light signals.

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10
Q

Give an example of a network connector.

A

RJ-45 connector used for Ethernet cables.

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11
Q

What is the function of a network transceiver?

A

: It transmits and receives data over network cables or wireless connections

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12
Q

Why is cable management important in networking?

A

It keeps cables organized, reduces clutter, and prevents damage or disconnection.

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13
Q

What do Ethernet standards define?

A

The physical and data link layers for wired networks, including speeds and cabling types.

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14
Q

Why is binary math important in networking?

A

It’s used for tasks like IP addressing, subnetting, and calculating host addresses.

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15
Q

What is IPv4 addressing?

A

A system for assigning 32-bit addresses to devices on a network.

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16
Q

What does NAT do in networking?

A

NAT translates private IP addresses to a public IP address for devices accessing the internet.

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17
Q

What is network communication?

A

The exchange of data between devices over a network.

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18
Q

What is classful subnetting?

A

An older method of dividing IP addresses based on predefined classes (A, B, C).

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19
Q

How do you calculate the number of subnets and hosts in an IPv4 network?

A

By using the subnet mask to determine how many bits are used for the network and how many for hosts.

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20
Q

What is magic number subnetting?

A

A method to quickly determine subnet ranges using the “magic number” from the subnet mask.

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21
Q

How is IPv6 addressing different from IPv4?

A

IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses compared to IPv4’s 32-bit, allowing for more unique addresses.

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22
Q

What is the default subnet mask for IPv6?

A

/64 is the default subnet mask for most IPv6 networks.

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23
Q

What is needed to configure IPv6 on a network device?

A

Assign an IPv6 address and configure a default gateway for communication.

24
Q

What is the purpose of port numbers in networking?

A

Ports allow multiple services to use the same IP address but different communication endpoints (e.g., HTTP uses port 80).

25
Q

Name three useful networking protocols.

A

DHCP, DNS, and FTP.

26
Q

What does DHCP do?

A

DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

27
Q

What must be configured to set up DHCP?

A

A DHCP server and a range of IP addresses to assign.

28
Q

Name two common DNS record types.

A

A (Address) record and MX (Mail Exchange) record.

29
Q

What does NTP stand for and do?

A

Network Time Protocol, used to synchronize time across devices on a network.

30
Q

What is network architecture?

A

The design and structure of a computer network, including hardware, software, protocols, and communication methods.

31
Q

What is a Storage Area Network (SAN)?

A

A dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage.

32
Q

What are the three main cloud models?

A

Public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.

33
Q

What is involved in designing a cloud infrastructure?

A

Planning for scalability, security, network architecture, and cost-efficiency.

34
Q

What are networked devices?

A

Devices like routers, switches, and computers that connect and communicate within a network.

35
Q

What is a network switch?

A

A device that connects devices within a network and forwards data to its destination.

36
Q

Name an advanced networking device.

A

Firewalls and load balancers are examples of advanced networking devices.

37
Q

What is dynamic routing?

A

A routing method where routers automatically update their routing tables based on network changes.

38
Q

What are routing technologies used for?

A

They are used to determine the best path for data to travel through a network.

39
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

A standard for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN) using copper or fiber-optic cables.

40
Q

What is a VLAN and what does trunking do?

A

A VLAN (Virtual LAN) segments network traffic, and trunking allows multiple VLANs to pass through a single network link.

41
Q

What does Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevent?

A

STP prevents network loops by creating a loop-free logical topology.

42
Q

What are interface configurations in networking?

A

Settings and parameters applied to network interfaces, such as IP addressing and subnet masks.

43
Q

What is the difference between a straight-through cable and a crossover cable?

A

Straight-through cables connect devices of different types, while crossover cables connect similar devices (e.g., switch to switch).

44
Q

Name two common wireless standards.

A

802.11n and 802.11ac.

45
Q

What are two common wireless technologies?

A

Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.

46
Q

Name two types of wireless encryption.

A

WPA2 and WPA3.

47
Q

What are two cellular network standards?

A

4G LTE and 5G.

48
Q

What is SNMP used for?

A

It is used to manage and monitor network devices.

49
Q

Why are logs and monitoring important in networking?

A

They help detect issues, monitor performance, and ensure security compliance.

50
Q

What are plans and procedures used for in networking?

A

They are established guidelines for managing network operations and responding to incidents.

51
Q

What is the purpose of a security policy in networking?

A

To establish rules and practices for protecting the network and data.

52
Q

Why is network documentation important?

A

It provides a detailed map and record of network devices, configurations, and processes.

53
Q

What is high availability in networking?

A

The ability of a network to remain operational with minimal downtime.

54
Q

What is network infrastructure support?

A

Services and management that ensure the continuous operation of network infrastructure components.

55
Q

What is a recovery site in networking?

A

A secondary location that can be used to restore network operations in case of a disaster.

56
Q

What is network redundancy?

A

The practice of providing multiple paths for data flow to ensure network availability in case of failure.

Cybersecurity (11 decks)

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