Networking Flashcards
What are the seven layers of the OSI Model?
Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application.
What is data communication?
The process of transmitting data between devices using a medium like cables or wireless signals.
Name three common network topologies.
Star, Ring, Mesh.
What are the main types of networks?
LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and MAN (Metropolitan Area Network).
What is WAN termination?
The point where a WAN connection ends, usually at a router or modem.
What is a virtual network?
A network where components like servers and routers are virtualized, often in cloud environments.
What is a provider link in networking?
The connection between a user’s network and their internet service provider.
What is copper cabling used for in networking?
Copper cables, like Ethernet cables, are used to transmit data through electrical signals.
What are the advantages of optical fiber?
High speed and long-distance data transmission using light signals.
Give an example of a network connector.
RJ-45 connector used for Ethernet cables.
What is the function of a network transceiver?
: It transmits and receives data over network cables or wireless connections
Why is cable management important in networking?
It keeps cables organized, reduces clutter, and prevents damage or disconnection.
What do Ethernet standards define?
The physical and data link layers for wired networks, including speeds and cabling types.
Why is binary math important in networking?
It’s used for tasks like IP addressing, subnetting, and calculating host addresses.
What is IPv4 addressing?
A system for assigning 32-bit addresses to devices on a network.
What does NAT do in networking?
NAT translates private IP addresses to a public IP address for devices accessing the internet.
What is network communication?
The exchange of data between devices over a network.
What is classful subnetting?
An older method of dividing IP addresses based on predefined classes (A, B, C).
How do you calculate the number of subnets and hosts in an IPv4 network?
By using the subnet mask to determine how many bits are used for the network and how many for hosts.
What is magic number subnetting?
A method to quickly determine subnet ranges using the “magic number” from the subnet mask.
How is IPv6 addressing different from IPv4?
IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses compared to IPv4’s 32-bit, allowing for more unique addresses.
What is the default subnet mask for IPv6?
/64 is the default subnet mask for most IPv6 networks.
What is needed to configure IPv6 on a network device?
Assign an IPv6 address and configure a default gateway for communication.
What is the purpose of port numbers in networking?
Ports allow multiple services to use the same IP address but different communication endpoints (e.g., HTTP uses port 80).
Name three useful networking protocols.
DHCP, DNS, and FTP.
What does DHCP do?
DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.
What must be configured to set up DHCP?
A DHCP server and a range of IP addresses to assign.
Name two common DNS record types.
A (Address) record and MX (Mail Exchange) record.
What does NTP stand for and do?
Network Time Protocol, used to synchronize time across devices on a network.
What is network architecture?
The design and structure of a computer network, including hardware, software, protocols, and communication methods.
What is a Storage Area Network (SAN)?
A dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage.
What are the three main cloud models?
Public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.
What is involved in designing a cloud infrastructure?
Planning for scalability, security, network architecture, and cost-efficiency.
What are networked devices?
Devices like routers, switches, and computers that connect and communicate within a network.
What is a network switch?
A device that connects devices within a network and forwards data to its destination.
Name an advanced networking device.
Firewalls and load balancers are examples of advanced networking devices.
What is dynamic routing?
A routing method where routers automatically update their routing tables based on network changes.
What are routing technologies used for?
They are used to determine the best path for data to travel through a network.
What is Ethernet?
A standard for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN) using copper or fiber-optic cables.
What is a VLAN and what does trunking do?
A VLAN (Virtual LAN) segments network traffic, and trunking allows multiple VLANs to pass through a single network link.
What does Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) prevent?
STP prevents network loops by creating a loop-free logical topology.
What are interface configurations in networking?
Settings and parameters applied to network interfaces, such as IP addressing and subnet masks.
What is the difference between a straight-through cable and a crossover cable?
Straight-through cables connect devices of different types, while crossover cables connect similar devices (e.g., switch to switch).
Name two common wireless standards.
802.11n and 802.11ac.
What are two common wireless technologies?
Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
Name two types of wireless encryption.
WPA2 and WPA3.
What are two cellular network standards?
4G LTE and 5G.
What is SNMP used for?
It is used to manage and monitor network devices.
Why are logs and monitoring important in networking?
They help detect issues, monitor performance, and ensure security compliance.
What are plans and procedures used for in networking?
They are established guidelines for managing network operations and responding to incidents.
What is the purpose of a security policy in networking?
To establish rules and practices for protecting the network and data.
Why is network documentation important?
It provides a detailed map and record of network devices, configurations, and processes.
What is high availability in networking?
The ability of a network to remain operational with minimal downtime.
What is network infrastructure support?
Services and management that ensure the continuous operation of network infrastructure components.
What is a recovery site in networking?
A secondary location that can be used to restore network operations in case of a disaster.
What is network redundancy?
The practice of providing multiple paths for data flow to ensure network availability in case of failure.
