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Network Types Flashcards

1
Q

What network type is centered around a person and their devices?

A

PAN

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2
Q

What network type allows for various devices, such as desktop, laptop, smartphones, etc?

A

PAN

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3
Q

What network type consists of computers within a limited area, like a home, lab, or office building?

A

LAN

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4
Q

Most often LANs use what to connect the network devices?

A

Ethernet, WI-FI, or both

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5
Q

What network type is a LAN with wireless connectivity and is popular for small businesses?:

A

wlan

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6
Q

What network type allows access to storage devices and allows servers to access devices such as tape libraries and disk arrays?

A

SAN

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7
Q

What network type provides networking of multiple LANS across a university campus or groups of buildings?

A

CAN

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8
Q

What network type provides networking across a larger area than a CAN, like a city?

A

MAN

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9
Q

What network type covers a large geographic area, like a global business or government bodies?

A

WAN

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10
Q

What are the two network type models?

A

CLient-Server and Peer-to-Peer

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11
Q

Which network model has a distinct server that stores data and a distinct client that requests from it?

A

Client-server

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12
Q

Which network model connects machines that can both store data and request data from each other?

A

Peer-to-Peer

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13
Q

Bitcoin and Tor are examples of what?

A

Peer-to-Peer models

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14
Q

What network topology has a single line of devices connected by one shared network cable?

A

Bus

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15
Q

In what network topology, do the computers connect to the network by physically tapping into the network with special connectors,which allows the network cable to remain one continuous conduit?

A

Bus

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16
Q

What topology has the requirement that the ends of the cable must be properly terminated with special electrical resistors called terminators?

A

Bus

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17
Q

If the network cable in a bus topology is cut, what will happen?

A

Signal Reflection

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18
Q

What is the term for a network in bus topology that is extended by adding segments of cable at either end of the existing cable?

A

Network segment

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19
Q

Computers in a bus topology communicate how? This term means that you can either send or receive data, but not do both at the same time.

A

half-duplex mode

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20
Q

The network cable in a bus topology is a what that means that all computers attached to the network will receive any and all traffic sent on the network?

A

Shared communications medium

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21
Q

Computers in a bus topology have to listen for a clear time to send their data or be faced with a what that forces everyone to stop sending until the line clears?

A

Collision

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22
Q

What network topology was designed to avoid the concept of collision that was an issue with bus topology?

A

Ring topology

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23
Q

What term allows the network cable in a ring topology to remain a shared medium but controls traffic?

A

Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)

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24
Q

In what network topology, does the cable enters a port on the network card exits a port on its way out to the next computer on the network?

A

Ring topology

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25
Dual rings can be used in the ring topology to allow for what?
High availability
26
What network topology is also known as a hub-and-spoke network?
Star topology
27
The what network topology is comprised of a central network device, such as an Ethernet switch, connected to various network devices like servers, computers and printers?
Star topology
28
What network topology is most common on LANs?
Start topology
29
What happens is a break occurs in a star topology?
Only one device is severed
30
What happens if the central switch fails in a star topology?
Everything fails
31
What network topology is often drawn as a web of direct connections between computers or nodes?
Mesh topology
32
What network topology is commonly used when the network needs high availability and redundancy is needed?
Mesh topology
33
What behavior in a mesh topology describes how nodes in the mesh are aware of each other and can establish new connections around failed nodes?
Self-healing network
34
In the early days of mainframe computers, nearly all computing and network power was blank in large datacenters?
Centralized
35
In the old centralized system, users log in to machines called what?
Dumb terminals
36
In the early days, all programming and functionality were contained where?
In the mainframe
37
In the old centralized system, what accepted commands and rendered a display with the results?
Dumb terminal
38
Today, what has lead a resurgence of centralization?
Cloud computing
39
A web browser functions like what type of architecture in that it doesn't perform complex calculations?
Centralization
40
What are two great benefits of centralization?
Security and availability
41
What is an approach that puts the computing power in the user's device rather than a datacenter?
Decentralization
42
Decentralization become possible when what was popularized in the late 1980s?
Microcomputers
43
Users storing data on cassette tapes or floppy drives before hard drives became reasonably priced and lack of backing up or storing data securely was an issue with what?
Decentralization
44
One drawback of decentralization was what that meant data could fall into the wrong hands?
local security
45
Data created by one user could be incompatible with the operating system of another user is an example of a drawback of what method?
Decentralization
46
Name three advantages of decentralization?
1) Process without a network connection 2) Ideal for portable systems 3) lack of a single point of failure
47
What model is very popular with email and databases?
Client/Server
48
Blank applications tend to store data in the datacenter, but may leverage the computing power of the user's client computer to perform some tasks.
Client/Server
49
The client/server model allows application designers to implement what?
Advanced User Interfaces
50
What is one challenge with client/server applications?
Data inconsistency due to multiple users
51
In what model, do client computers act as both the servers and workstations?
P2P
52
Blank does not depend on whether your network is wired, wireless or a mixture of two. The difference comes down to portability vs stability?
Network Architecture
53
Blank is often associated with VMs operating as servers within a datacenter, but it can include many different types of hardware?
Virtualization
54
What does VM stand for?
Virtual machines
55
Servers, workstations, storage and even network devices can all be what?
Virtualized
56
What term describes the technique of converting a hardware-based resource into software?
Virtualization
57
Today, virtualization allows blank to host many different virtual machines or to create network devices on demand, such as virtual routers and firewalls.
One physical server
58
Virtualization relies on a special type of software known as what that creates the virtual hardware for devices
Hypervisors
59
Name two types of hypervisors
Open source and commercial
60
All blank have one thing in common. They use software to create the illusion of hardware.
Hypervisors
61
The operating system of a VM is referred to as what?
Guest OS
62
The operating system of a computer that has a VM is referred to as what?
Host OS
63
The hypervisor provides the VM and therefore the guest OS access to what?
The physical CPU and RAM
64
What are the two types of hypervisors?
1) Type 1 (bare metal) 2) Type 2 (hosted)
65
What type of hypervisor typically requires dedicated hardware and are installed on a machine's operating system. They are more common in datacenters than homes.
Type 1 (bare metal)
66
What type of hypervisor looks and feels like any other app that you may run on your laptop?
Type 2 (hosted)
67
Type 1 hypervisors differ from type 2 in the way they are blank.
Installed
68
VMware ESX and open-source KVM hypervisor are intended to be installed on what?
A dedicated bare metal server
69
What type of hypervisor presents very little information on the console screen of the host computer?
Type 1 (bare metal)
70
What type of hypervisors is installed on an application on personal computers or laptops?
Type 2 (hosted)
71
In a type 2 hypervisor, the hypervisor is competing with what with all running applications?
hardware resources
72
In a type 2 hypervisor, the hypervisor does not have direct and unrestricted access to what?
Physical hardware

Network Foundations (9 decks)

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