Network Types Flashcards
LAN
Local Area Network
A __ network of computers and other components located relatively close together
LAN
What are the two types of LAN
Enterprise LAN
SOHO (Small Office Home Office) LAN
___ LAN will have a lot more devices. It could have thousands of computers and hundreds of printers
Enterprise
__ LAN may have a few computers and maybe one printer
SOHO
The advantages of \_\_ are Resource sharing -printers -drivers -internet -software
Communication
- easy
- fast
- time saving
LAN
The disadvantages of \_\_ are security -Unauthorized access can be granted if not setup correctly Distance limitation -generally limited to a single building Setup costs -hardware -software
LAN
WAN
Wide Area Network
__ is used to transfer data across large distances.
commonly used to connect multiple LANs
WAN
The three different protocols of WAN are
PPP (point to point protocol)
Frame relay
ATM (Asynchronous transfer mode)
The main distinction between LAN and WAN is
the are of the size
LAN or WAN?
Area - single building or small geographic area
Ownership - owned by organization
LAN
The advantages of \_\_ are -Covers large geographical data -centralized data (branch offices can access corporate data) -Sharing --software --resources High bandwidth
WAN
The disadvantages of \_\_ are Security -the mix of different technologies can create a security gap Setup costs -routers -switches -security software
WAN
PAN
Personal Area Network
a __ is an interconnection of personal devices within range of an individual
-range is typically within 10 meters
PAN
What would be considered to be the primary benefit of Satellite Internet access?
Able to reach very remote areas
Which characteristics of cable Internet service might be considered to be disadvantages?
Volume of users
Living in a very remote area
The area where obstacles may interfere with Line-of-Sight wireless service is known as what zone?
Fresnel
What would be considered to be the primary benefit of implementing a WAN for your business?
Interconnecting all your locations to be able to share resources
Which type of entity would be most likely to implement a MAN?
A university
In which type of environment would you most likely encounter a SOHO LAN?
A small business
A wireless mesh network would most likely be configured for which type of access?
802.11
Which cellular network access method is based on a unique device identifying value?
CDMA
High speed Internet access over a Digital Subscriber Line uses which type of carrier?
Phone lines
What is meant by the description of fiber optic as being a “converged service”?
It can carry voice, video, and data on the same cable
Which connection methods would you most likely implement for devices in a PAN?
Wi-FI
Bluetooth
Which type of ISDN service would offer the highest bandwidth?
E1-PRI
a __ Are typically wireless networks that allow devices such as laptops, printers, and mobile devices to be interconnected.
PAN
a __ PAN is Usually a single computer connected to multiple devices using things like USB or FireWire
wired
WPAN
Wireless Personal Area Network
a __ PAN is
Implemented using Bluetooth, WiFi, or infared
More common with todays devices
wireless
Wireless keyboards Wireless printers Wireless mice Smartphones Tv remotes Gaming consoles Smartphone technologies
the are all examples of devices in a ___
PAN
Do not require additional space or wiring
Connect to numerous devices at once
Cost effective
Easy, reliable, and secure
the are all advantages of a __
PAN
Limited range
Interference
E.g. radio signals
Slow data transfer
these are all disadvantages of a __
PAN
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
___ is a small LAN
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)
Used to transfer data in a LAN
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Ideal for audio and video conferencing online
Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS)
Used to transfer data over the large geographical area
These are all technologies of a __
MAN
Government agencies University campuses or may hear (CAN) Hospitals Network of fire stations Airports Libraries
These are examples of what area network?
MAN
It provides better bandwidth
Potential speed for connecting links
Quickly access resources shared on the network
Potential cost savings
Certain implementations allow shared internet connections
These are advantages of what area network?
MAN
Equipment can be expensive
More administrative overhead
Can become difficult to manage if it becomes too large
Most implementations require fiber optic connections
These are disadvantages of what area network?
MAN
WMN
Wireless Mesh Network
_ networks are created using wireless access points
Mesh
_ are small transmitters and function the same as a wireless router
Nodes
The advantages of _ are
Cost Savings
-Less setup required
-Fewer cables
Nodes are self-configuring and self-healing
Uses technologies that are generically in place (802.11)
WMN
The disadvantage of _ are
Difficult to manage and maintain
-Devices tend to be placed in locations that are difficult to access (maybe behind a ceiling or barrier)
Can be expensive
-As more devices are added, the costs go up
WMN
_ internet is fast and reliable technology you can use to connect a residence to the internet
Cable
Broadband technology is often referred to as _
Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial (HFC)
_ cable lines are used in the residence
coaxial
__ uses unused channels
cable internet
__ are predefined frequency ranges that are otherwise used for television programming
unused channels
__ requires a cable modem and internet subscription
cable internet
The advantages of _ are
Works without a phone line
Fast connection speed (faster than DSL)
Less restricting in terms of location (if provider uses HFC)
Reliability
cable
the disadvantages of _ are
Cable speeds can be influenced by -Bandwidth caps -High volume of users Limited availability -Rural areas
cable
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
_ is technology for delivering high bandwidth Internet Service over regular telephone lines
DSL
Does not compete with the telephone service
Uses high transmission frequencies to separate the data from the voice signals
Speeds vary depending on provider and tier, but current services should offer up to 10 mbps or more for a standard service
DSL
a central connection point that the DSL provider has that would aggregate all of the connections in one particular area
PC-DSL Modem-DSL Access Multiplexer (DSLAM)
The two varieties of DSL are _ and _
Asymmetric and Symmetric
_ DSL is usually DSL service at home
-It means there is a variance between the speed of downloads versus uploads. This is what you want at home. Most of the speed should be allocated to downloads
ADSL
_ DSL is equal balance of uploading and downloading because you are transmitting as much info as you are downloading
Ex. You have a corporate network that does a lot of video conferencing
SDSL
The advantages of _ are
High bandwidth
Uses existing phone lines
Allows internet connection and phone line to be used at the same time (ADSL only) SDSL requires a dedicated line
Modems are often provided by service providers
DSL
The disadvantages of _ are
Performance can suffer the farther you are from the provider (distance limitation of about 3 miles)
Requires a landline
Limited availability in remote areas
DSL
_ lines consist of tiny strands of plastic or glass
Uses optic transmission (pulses of light)
Considered the best option for reliability and performance (because of the speed and the distance it can travel)
Fiber optic
The average speed of fiber is
50 -100 Mbps
The high end speed of fiber is
1 – 10 Gbps
The average speed of DSL is
768 Kbps – 1.5 Mbps
The high end speed of DSL is
3 Mbps – 10 Mbps
The average speed of cable is
4 Mbps – 6 Mbps
The high end speed of cable is
10 – 100+ Mbps
The average speed of a satellite is
5 Mbps – 10 Mbps
The high end speed of a satellite is
12 Mbps – 25 Mbps
The advantages of _ are
Speed
Better at carrying information over long distances
Not susceptible to interference
- Radio
- Electrical
Lines are less prone to damage
-Wear and tear
fiber
the disadvantages of _ are
Not available in all areas
Requires all new infrastructure
-Costs absorbed by service provider
fiber
_ is
Old technology
Considered very slow by todays standards -56 Kbps Can perform basic internet related tasks -E-mail -Browsing
Dial-up
The advantages of _ are
Uses existing phone lines (you would need a modem)
-Does not require special line to be installed
accounts can be used anywhere there is a phone line
Dial-up
the disadvantages of _ are
Slow speeds
Ties up the phone line while internet is in use
Dial-up
_ internet is a wireless connection and uses three satellite dishes
ideal for remote areas
ex. ships at sea or oil rigs at sea
satellite
On the _ internet the three dishes are
Once attached to property
One in space
One at the internet server provider
Satellite
The advantages of _ are
Faster than dial-up
High bandwidth
Does not require a phone line
Available in remote areas
Satellite
the disadvantages of _ are
Poor latency
Weather and obstructions like branches and buildings can affect signal strength
Bandwidth limitations (throttling)
Can be expensive
Satellite
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
_ is
Set of communication standards for digital telephone connections
Used to transmit voice and data over a digital line
Originally designed to run on digital telephone systems already in use
ISDN
_ is a circuit-switched telephone network system
Also allows access to packet switched networks
Has been replaced by broadband Internet connections in recent years
ISDN
The two types of ISDN are _ and _
BRI (Basic Rate Interface)
PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
This type of ISDN is _ and is
Lower tier of service
Provides only basic needs
Lower cost
BRI (Basic Rate Interface)
This type of ISDN is _ and is
Better connection
More reliable
Faster speeds
PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
has to bearer channels that carried data. B channel and D channel. Each one is 64 kilobits per second. D stands for data is data signaling but doesn’t carry data. Bandwidth came from the B channels.
BRI (2B+D)
_ came in two varieties
• T1-PRI (23B + D)
• E1-PRI (30B + D)
• T1 and E1. T1 is used in North America and Japan. E1 is used in Europe. T1 has 23 Bearer channels. E1 has 30 Bearer channels. They are both faster than BRI. T1 is 1.5 megabits faster and E1 is around 2.
PRI
The advantages of _ are
Multiple digital channels
Consistent transfer rates
Governed by a world-wide set of standards
Competitively priced
ISDN
The advantages of _ are
Costly compared to other telephone systems
Required specialized digital devices
ISDN
LOS
Line of Sight
_ is
The path between two antennas
Important to consider any obstructions when designing an outdoor wireless network
(Is something in the way? Is there an obstruction of some kind or do you have a clear path for those wireless signals to travel?)
Line of Sight
The different degrees of _ are
line of sight
near line of sight
no line of sight
line of sight
The degree of _ is no obstacles reside between the two antennas. Nothing is in the Fresnel zone
line of sight
_ is the area in between the antennas where you might find electromagnetic signals stills experiencing some kind of interference.
Fresnel zone
the degree of _ may include partial obstructions between two antennas
• Eg. Trees
Near Line of Sight nLOS
the degree of _ is when full obstructions may exist between the two antennas
Non line of Sight (NLOS)
_ are the networks over which mobile phones operate
-Also referred to as ‘mobile networks’
cellular networks
cellular network is referred to as cellular as the network is split into _
cells
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access
_ is used to allow several users to send data over the same frequency
Each transmitter is assigned a code
The signal is spread over a range of frequencies using pseudorandom pattern
The signal for each user is modulated by their unique code
CDMA
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access
__ is a Channel access method used for channel sharing without interference
Multiple stations can use and share the same transmission channel
-Signals are divided into different time slots
-Synchronization and timing of signals presented a challenge as users moved
TDMA
__ was largely implemented in 2G mobile networks and has largely been superseded by CDMA
TDMA