network terms Flashcards
IP address
a unique number that identifies a device on the internet or local network.
TCP/IP
allows 2 devices to communicate with each other by guaranteeing that all data is received and sent in order.
active directory
the central store of all domain objects like users, computers, and groups.
domain
a group of networked computers that share a common set of rules and procedures.
VLAN
groups computers that aren’t physically in the same location to separate traffic.
LAN
connects computers and devices within a limited area.
WAP
relays data between a wired network and wireless network.
WAN
allows LANs from different locations to communicate with each other.
PAN
connects devices like computers, smartphones, tablets, printers, and other personal devices within the immediate vicinity of an individual (bluetooth).
DHCP server
automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.
DNS server
converts domain names like example.com into IP addresses.
NAT
translates private IP addresses into public IP addresses and vice versa.
MAC address
a unique number assigned to a device that cannot be changed.
subnet mask
separates the network portion and the host portion of an IP address.
gateway address
a device (usually a router) that connects two devices on different networks.
dynamic addressing
when an IP address is automatically assigned by a DHCP server.
static addressing
an IP address manually assigned by an admin.
loopback address
a special IP address for each computer that is reserved and is used for testing. It’s like a self-addressed envelope that the computer uses to communicate with itself.
VPN
creates a virtual network from a private network to a public network by creating a “tunnel” between your computer and a VPN device at your office.
APIPA
allows devices on a network to automatically assign themselves an IP address when a DHCP server is not available or unreachable.
