Network Security

Question 1

Spyware and keyloggers

Answer 1

Software hides on computer recording keystrokes to send back to 3rd party- analysis

Question 2

Virus

Answer 2

Attaches itself to programs or files on a computer or server and can affect all components of an operating system.

Question 3

Worms

Answer 3

It replicates itself in order to spread to other computers

Question 4

Trojan

Answer 4

Malicious computer program that is designed to access a computer by misleading users of its intent.

Question 5

Purpose of Social Engineering

Answer 5

Is used to gain unauthorised access to a computer system

Question 6

Phishing

Answer 6

This method is a direct phone calls or emails that pretend to be an official service. People asked for bank details, pin

Question 7

Brute Force Attack

Answer 7

Attempt to crack a password or username using trial and error and using as many combinations as possible

Question 8

Purpose of brute force attack

Answer 8

To steal data or cause further harm.

Question 9

Denial of Service Attack (DoS)

Answer 9

It sends as many requests to the server as it can aka flood
The server can’t respond fast enough so slows down or goes offline

Question 10

Distributed Denial of Service Attack (DDoS)

Answer 10

Many computers are used to send the requests

Question 11

Man- in- the- middle attack (MIT)

Answer 11

Allows the attacker to intercept communications between the user and server

Question 12

Purpose of data interception and theft

Answer 12

Gain personal information to fraudulently gain access to accounts of innocent people. Once access has been gained, the account is either used to attack others, or money is transferred to a third party without the owners knowledge or consent.

Question 13

Penetration testing

Answer 13

Practice of deliberately trying to find security holes in your own system.

Question 14

What is the goal of Penetration Testing

Answer 14

• Identify targets of potential attacks
• Identify possible entry points
• Attempt to break in
• Report back the findings

Question 15

Anti- malware software

Answer 15

To detect malware that has been installed.
To prevent malware from being installed.
To remove malware from the system.

Question 16

How does anti- malware work?

Answer 16

• When a virus or new malware is detected it is sent to the anti- virus company
• They verify it is malware then create a signature of the virus
• They then add it to their virus database and tell computers to run an update

Question 17

Firewalls

Answer 17

Performs a ‘block’ between a potential attacker and the computer system

Question 18

User Access Levels

Answer 18

Allow a system administrator to set up a hierarchy of users who have different permissions when they access different parts of the system.

Question 19

Encryption

Answer 19

Where data is translated into code so that only authorised users, or users with the key can decrypt and read. Users must have the key in order to decrypt the coded file.

Question 20

Physical Security

Answer 20

Where hardware, software and networks are protected by physical methods - e.g CCTV, locks

Question 21

Software Patches

Answer 21

Fix known security problems in software but also notify cyber- criminals that there was a problem so anybody NOT uploading the latest patch is vulnerable

Question 22

Network Forensics

Answer 22

Specialist area that involves monitoring and examining data to discover the source of security attacks and other illegal activities