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GCSE Computer Science WJEC > Network Protocols and Data Packets > Flashcards

Network Protocols and Data Packets Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 6 main network protocols?

A 
Ethernet
Wi-Fi
TCP/IP
HTTP
HTTPS
FTP
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2
Q

What is FTP?

A

File Transfer Protocol controls how files are edited, accessed and moved between devices on a network.

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3
Q

What is Ethernet?

A

Responsible for transmission of data between nodes on one network and organises data for transmission between networks.

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4
Q

What is Wi-Fi?

A

A security protocol that allows for data to be transferred by electromagnetic waves safely.

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5
Q

What is TCP?

A

Transmission Control Protocol allows for communication between devices by ensuring packets are assembled properly and no error has occurred.

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6
Q

What is HTTP?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol governs the communication between a web server and a client.

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7
Q

What is HTTPS?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure is an encrypted version of HTTP.

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8
Q

What are the 3 Email protocols?

A

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)

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9
Q

What is IMAP?

A

Internet Message Protocol allows for mail to be received and where it is held in the server before the user deletes it.

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10
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol allows for mail to be sent to a mail server but not received.

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11
Q

What is POP3?

A

Post Office Protocol 3 is a protocol for receiving mail from a server. Once the user downloads the mail, it is deleted on the server side.

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12
Q

What are the 5 parts of a data packet?

A 
Data 
Source Address 
Destination Address
Sequence Number 
Checksum (error check)
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13
Q

What is the checksum?

A

Once a data packet arrives, a calculation is carried out by the packet. If the answer to this calculation is incorrect, an error has occurred and the packet is send back to the source address for resending. An error message will appear on the user’s computer.

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14
Q

What is the role of the DNS?

A

The Domain Name System matches the URL (Domain name) that a user types in to a usable IP address that allows for communication between the user and the webserver.
Matches the IP address to domain names

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15
Q

How does the DNS work? (4 steps)

A

1) The bowser send the URL to your ISP (Internet Service Provider) where it searches it’s cache for the corresponding IP address.
2) If it wasn’t found, the search query is send to one of 13 higher root servers in the hierarchy (corresponding to each domain name e.g .com .org .net ).
3) Once the corresponding IP is found, it is sent back to the lower ISP’s server where it is cached (for future use) and returned to the browser.
4) Communication directly between the user and the website is now possible.

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16
Q

What are the 5 layers of a network?

Protocol Stack

A 
Application Layer (HTTP, FTP, SMTP)
Transport Layer (TCP)
Network Layer (IP)
Data Link Layer (Ethernet) 
Physical Layer (Cables and routers)

(Pineapples Do Not Trust Apples)

17
Q

What are protocols?

A

A set of rules for how devices communicate and transmit data across a network.

18
Q

What is packet switching?

A

The method of splitting data into packets and sending them across a network via the lowest cost routes. Once at the destination, they are reassembled.

19
Q

What is circuit switching? (Method)

A

A method of connecting two nodes by a single route that transmits continuous data- no other data can be transmitted along this route.

20
Q

What is the function of the Application Layer?

A

Allows applications to use the Transport Layer to send requests to connect to remote hosts. It allows for a Software interface so user can input data and data is outputted.

21
Q

What is the protocol and function of the Transport Layer?

A

(TCP)- Making sure that data is sent and received in the correct order and no errors have occurred (using sequence numbers and the check sum)

22
Q

What is IP?

A

Internet Protocol addresses (identifies devices on a network) and routes data across networks via packet switching.

23
Q

What is the protocol and function of the Network Layer?

A

Internet Protocol (IP)- Responsible for the identifying devices on a network (addressing) and routing of data between devices.

24
Q

What is the protocol and function of the Data Link Layer?

A

Ethernet Protocol- Enables data to be passed in and out of the physical layer.

25
Q

What is the function of the Physical Layer?

A

Allow raw data to be transmitted and received through the use of switches and routers.

GCSE Computer Science WJEC (11 decks)

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