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Network+ > Network Models > Flashcards

Network Models Flashcards

1
Q

What is a model

A

simplified processes that allow us to represent the form and function (how networks function)

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2
Q

How many models does Network+ have and what are they

A

OSI seven layer model (detailed model) *open systems Interconnection COVERED MORE ON THE EXAM THAN TCP
TCP/IP model (more modern model) *transmission control protocol/Internet protocol

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3
Q

Name the OSI seven layer model
*All People Seem To Need Data Processing
APSTNDP

A
  1. Physical - what cables do I use, ext. (copper cable, fiber optics, radio waves, hubs)
  2. Data ink - anything that works with a MAC address (network interface cards NIC, switches)
    • only layer that has sublayers (LLC and MAC)
  3. Network - logical addresses (ip addresses , switches work in the layer 3)
  4. Transport - assembly and disassembly for data to be broken down into individual packets
  5. Session - connection between 2 systems and defining what is taking place as an action for communication (accepts incoming sessions and open and closes existing sessions
  6. Presentation - makes a form that your computer will understand *now the systems can do it alone
  7. Application - smarts with in the app (network aware) API- application programmers interface refers to the code built into all operating systems that enable network aware applications
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4
Q

Name the TCP IP model functions

A
  1. Network interface/Link - physical cabling, MAC addresses, network cards, and other hardware except the router (packets get created)
  2. Internet - IP addresses, routers
  3. Transport - assembly, disassembly and connections
  4. Application - OSI application, presentation and session layer
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5
Q

What are protocols

A

are sets of clearly defined rules, regulations, standards, and procedures that enable hardware and software developers to make devices and apps that function properly at a particular layer.

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6
Q

Name 2 main protocols

A

1.Internet Message Access protocol (IMAP) send messages but verify that the receiving end is ready before it sends
2.Voice over IP (VoIP) simply sends messages without first waiting to make
sure the receiving system is even there

  • TCP connection-oriented protocol
  • UDP connectionless protocol
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7
Q

Which is a
connection-oriented protocol
connectionless protocol

A
  • TCP connection-oriented protocol

- UDP connectionless protocol

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8
Q

Application Programing interface (API)?

A

used by programmers to make their programs network aware

	- all operating systems have
	- standard way for programmers to enhance/extend application capabilities
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9
Q

Match OSI and TCP/IP

  1. Physical
  2. Data ink
  3. Network
  4. Transport
  5. Session
  6. Presentation
  7. Application

TCP/IP

  1. Network interface/Link
  2. Internet
  3. Transport
  4. Application
A
  1. Physical
  2. Data ink w/ 1. Network interface/Link
  3. Network w/ 2. Internet
  4. Transport w/
  5. Physical
  6. Data ink
  7. Network
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10
Q

Know the different port numbers and what they are used for

A
  • the first 1024 port are reserved for well know ports

- total of 65535 ports available

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11
Q

Explain how TCP/IP sends data back into the world

A
  • Application layer creates data and sends it to transport layer
    • Transport layer breaks the data up into TCP segments or a UDP diagram, then sends to the internet layer
    • Internet layer adds the IP address and creates the IP packets to send to the link layer
    • Link layer put ip packet into a frame and adds the mac address and FCS and then sends off into the world
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12
Q

Explain how data is received into a NIC

A

This but backwards:

 - Application layer creates data and sends it to transport layer
- Transport layer breaks the data up into TCP segments or a UDP diagram, then sends to the internet layer
- Internet layer adds the IP address and creates the IP packets to send to the link layer
- Link layer put ip packet into a frame and adds the mac address and FCS and then sends off into the world
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13
Q

What is a NIC?

What 2 jobs does it have? LLC and MAC

A

Network Interface Card

	- LLC (logical link control) to talk to the operating system to send the data
		- handles network protocols and provides flow control
	- MAC (media access control) which creates and address the frame 
		- adds its own MAC and attaches MAC address to the from 
		- each from needs the send and receiving MAC address
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14
Q

What are frames?

What is the max size of a frame?

A
  • chunk of data moving across a network
    • 1500 bytes max in size
    • have destination and source MAC addresses
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15
Q

What is FCS?
What dividing process does it use?
What is the divider called?
What checks it when the frame arrives?

A

(frame check sequence)
this uses a CRC (Cyclic redundancy check)
key
NIC

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16
Q

What is a frame with IP addresses

A

Packet within a frame

17
Q

TCP segment?

A

a packet with no IP addresses that is trying to find its proper application
between 1-65536 ports

18
Q

UDP (User Data Protocol)

A

connectionless and doesn’t care if the receiving NIC is online

19
Q

what is a Central Box/hub

A
  • when a system sends a frame it will go into the central box (aka a hub)
    - like a repeater
    - receives frame, makes an exact copy
    - then sends the frame out to every computer except the one it came from
    - only the NIC with the matching MAC would actually process the frame
20
Q

How does a switch filter traffic?

A

MAC address

21
Q

How do you find a MAC address on a computer?

How many bytes in a MAC address?

A

command prompt
search ipconfig /all
48 bytes

22
Q

Which set of numbers belong to a manufacture?

40-8D-5C-1C-5A-50

A 
First set of 3
 OEM numbers (original equipment manufacturer)
-burned into the NIC
23
Q

How is the Hexadecimal Aside numbering system set up?

A
  • Use base 16 for representing numbers, which would be 0-15
    • Use 0-9
    • the hex is represented in letter form 10-15 (A, B, C, D, E, F)
24
Q

What is a broadcast?

How is it sent?

A

-is where there is a basic mac address and will then be accepted by all computers connected to the NIC
-transmission is sent to every device in a broadcast domain
Broadcast domain
-Anytime computers are all on the same hub and can hear each other
-will always look like (FF-FF-FF-FF)

25
Q

What is a Unicast?

A
  • where the mac and data get sent from one computer to the NIC to another and the other computer confirms that the MAC address matches it’s computer
  • transmission is sent to a single device on a network
26
Q

Logical addressing is?

Where is it stored?

A

IP addressing that differs it from the MAC address of the NIC
four 8-bit numbers ranging from 0-255
stored within the system

27
Q

What information does a router send?

What do they connect to?

A

IP addresses

Local area networks LAN

28
Q

True/false

IP packets are not encapsulated by a frame

A

False:

Answer, they are encapsulated by a frame

29
Q

what is connection oriented?

A

TCP

30
Q

What is connectionless

A

UDP (user data protocol)

31
Q

TCP

A

(transmission control protocol/internet protocol)

Network+ (1 decks)

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