Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ethernet Cable CAT > network link and concepts > Flashcards

network link and concepts Flashcards

1
Q

VHDSL or VDSL

A

Very high bit rate DSL a asymmetric version of DSL and , as such, can share a telephone line.VHDSL/VDSL can achieve date rates up to approximately 10 Mbps, making it the fastest available form of DSL.to achieve high speeds ,VHDSL/VDSL uses fiber optic cabling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

NID

A

In telecommunications, a network interface device (NID; also known by several other names) is a device that serves as the demarcation point between the carrier’s local loop and the customer’s premises wiring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

broadband

A

Broadband or high-speed Internet access allows users to access the Internet and Internet-related services at significantly higher speeds than those available through “dial-up” services. Broadband speeds vary significantly depending on the technology and level of service ordered.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ADSL

A

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. One of four DSL technologies. ADSL is designed to deliver more bandwidth downstream (from the central office to the customer site) than upstream. Downstream rates range from 1.5 to 9 Mbps, whereas upstream bandwidth ranges from 16 to 640 kbps. ADSL transmissions work at distances up to 18,000 feet (5,488 meters) over a single copper twisted pair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

HDSL

A

High bit rate DSL , A symmetric technology that offers identical transmission rates in both directions.HDSL does not allow line sharing with analog phones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

POTS

A

Simply put, POTS (sometimes also referred to as PSTN, or public switched telephone network) stands for plain old telephone service, and is what everyone knows as their traditional landline phone system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

XDSL

A

xDSL refers to the family of dsl technologies which include asymmetric (ADSL), high-bit rate (HDSL), single-line (SDSL), and very-high-data-rate (HDSL). Each type has advantages and disadvantges with differences in symetry, signal distance, and speed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SDSL

A

A symmetric digital subscriber line is a digital subscriber line that transmits digital data over the copper wires of the telephone network, where the bandwidth in the downstream direction, from the network to the subscriber, is identical to the bandwidth in the upstream direction, from the subscriber to the network.Cannot share a phone line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IDSL

A

ISDN DSL A symmetric type of DSL commonly used in environments in which SDSL and ADSL are unavailable,IDSL does not support analog phone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RADSL

A

Rate Adaptive DSL, A variation on ADSL that can modify its transmission speed based on signal quality, RADSL supports line sharing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DS1

A

Digital signal 1 (DS1, also known as a T1) is a T-carrier signaling scheme devised by Bell Labs. It is a widely used standard in telecommunications to transmit voice and data between devices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DSL Filter

A

A DSL filter is a low-pass filter that blocks the high-frequency signals used by DSL modems from reaching your phone or fax devices. This way, you can use both your phone and your internet service without any noise or disruption. A DSL filter usually has two ports: one for the phone line and one for the device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cable broadband

A

Cable broadband is a type of internet connection that uses the same coaxial cables as cable TV to provide high-speed internet to homes and businesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

UTP

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable has no shielding. This is the most used and most basic type of cable. The cable contains pairs of wires twisted together to help reduce and prevent electromagnetic interference.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

STP

A

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cables also have twisted wires, which are then wrapped with a shielding or screening material, typically a foil wrapping or a copper braid jacket.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

FTP

A

Foil Twisted Pair (FTP) cables are a bit different, with each twisted pair of cables wrapped in its own shielding of foil to protect the cable from EMI and crosstalk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

S/FTP

A

Shielded Foil Twisted Pair (S/FTP) cables combine FTP and STP shielding types. The wires inside the cable are twisted and then shielded with a foil wrapping, then the 4-pair grouping of foiled wires are shielded by a wrapping of either foil or a flexible braided screening. This provides the highest level of protection against EMI and crosstalk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cable modems

A

Cable modems are a prevalent type of hardware that connects computer devices with your ISP. Differing from other types of modems, a cable modem uses coax cable, the same infrastructure that brings television programming to our business or homes, to proxy that connection, rather than a telephone or DSL line.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MDI-X

A

MDI-X, or Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover, is a type of Ethernet port connection that allows devices like switches or laptops to connect to each other using twisted-pair cabling. MDI-X is an enhancement to network devices that helps reduce the need to distinguish between straight-through and twisted-pair Ethernet cables.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PSTN

A

A public switched telephone network is a combination of telephone networks used worldwide, including telephone lines, fiber optic cables, switching centers, cellular networks, satellites and cable systems. A PSTN lets users make landline telephone calls to one another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ISDN

A

An Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards that allows for the transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the public switched telephone network (PSTN). ISDN was introduced in 1986 by BT to replace landlines with digital lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T-carrier

A

The T-Carrier System is a set of digital data transmission formats predominantly used in North America and Japan. Both the T-Carrier and E-Carrier systems operate using Digital Signal 0 (DS0) as its basic unit, enabling a transmission rate of 64 Kbps.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Leased line

A

A leased line is a private telecommunications circuit between two or more locations provided according to a commercial contract. It is sometimes also known as a private circuit, and as a data line in the UK. Typically, leased lines are used by businesses to connect geographically distant offices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

fractional T1

A

A fractional T1 line is a partial rental of a T1 line’s 24 channels, which offers the same performance as a full T1 line at a lower cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

MONs

A

Metro-optical networks(also known as MONs)are optical networks that can span up to several hundred kilometers and are used to serve metropolitan areas in which there is a large, concentrated population. A metropolitan-area Ethernet(Ethernet MAN, or metro Ethernet network, with the typical service provider’s network including a collection of switches and routers connected through optical fiber.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

FTTH

A

“Fiber to the home” describes the use of fiber optic cable to deliver broadband internet from a central location directly to private residences. In an FTTH network, fiber cable is used over the “last mile” in place of lower bandwidth DSL and coaxial wires.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

FTTB

A

FTTB (fiber-to-the-building, -business, or -basement): Fiber reaches the boundary of the building, such as the basement in a multi-dwelling unit, with the final connection to the individual living space being made via alternative means, similar to the curb or pole technologies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

FTTC

A

Fibre to the Curb (FTTC) connection is used in circumstances where fibre is extended close to your premises, connecting to a small Distribution Point Unit (DPU), generally located inside a pit on the street. From here, the existing copper network is connected to the fibre to form the final nbn connection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

FTTN

A

Fibre to the Node (FTTN) is a type of nbn™ technology. This type of nbn™ connection uses the existing copper telephone network to make the final part of your nbn™ connection from a nearby FTTN cabinet (node) or micro-node. The fibre node is likely to take the form of a street cabinet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

SONET

A

SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) is a standard for connecting fiber-optic transmission systems sold in North America only. SONET was proposed by Bellcore in the mid-1980s and is now an ANSI standard. SONET defines interface standards at the physical layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) seven-layer model.

31
Q

OC

A

Optical carrier (OC)
A communication system that uses fiber optic cables and the Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) protocol to transmit data. OC levels represent different bandwidths, and the speed of OC-classified lines is a multiple of 51.84 Mbit/s. For example, an OC192 is a fiber optic system that can carry 192 DS3s, which is 5376 T1s or 129,024 voice calls

32
Q

OC3

A

OC-3 is a network line with transmission data rate of up to 155.52 Mbit/s (payload: 148.608 Mbit/s; overhead: 6.912 Mbit/s, including path overhead) using fiber optics

33
Q

OC192

A

OC192 is an optical carrier (OC) that can handle 192 DS3s. A DS3 is a 45 Mb/s signal that can carry internet data or it can carry 28 T1s, voice or data, and 28 T1s is equal to 672 phone calls. In other words, an OC192 is a fiber optic system that can carry 192 DS3’s, which is 5376 T1s or 129,024 voice calls.

34
Q

SDH

A

SDH or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy is a standardized protocol used for transmitting digital signals over optical fiber networks. Is the European version of SONET.

35
Q

PON

A

A passive optical network, or PON, uses fiber-optic technology to deliver data from a single source to multiple endpoints. “Passive” refers to the use of optical fiber cables connected to an unpowered splitter, which in turn transmits data from a service provider network to multiple customers.

36
Q

OLT

A

An optical line termination (OLT), also called an optical line terminal, is a device which serves as the service provider endpoint of a passive optical network. It provides two main functions:

to perform conversion between the electrical signals used by the service provider’s equipment and the fiber optic signals used by the passive optical network.
to coordinate the multiplexing between the conversion devices on the other end of that network (called either optical network terminals or optical network units).
An OLT can have several ports, and each port can drive a single PON network with split ratios or splitting factors of around 1:32 or 1:64, meaning that for each port on the OLT, up to 32 or 64 ONUs at customer sites can be connected although this depends on the PON standard the OLT and the PON network supports.[1] XGS-PON networks support split ratios of up to 1:128. An OLT with 272 ports can support up to 34,816 users assuming a split ratio of 1:128 for every port

37
Q

ONU

A

ONU refers to optical network unit. It is the optical terminal device in the fiber access network, which provides users with multiple service interfaces. The network side of ONU is the optical interface.

38
Q

WDM-PON

A

Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON) is a fiber-based network technology that uses multiple wavelengths to increase bandwidth and capacity. WDM-PON is a type of passive optical network (PON) that uses wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology.

39
Q

WDM

A

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a fiber-optic transmission technique that enables the use of multiple light wavelengths (or colors) to send data over the same medium.

40
Q

DWDM

A

What is DWDM in networking? Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) is an optical fiber multiplexing technology that increases the bandwidth of fiber networks. DWDM combines data signals from sources over a single pair of optical fibers and it maintains separation of the data streams. It replaces SONET/SDH

41
Q

EDFA

A

(Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) A device that boosts the signal in an optical fiber. Introduced in the late 1980s, the EDFA was the first successful optical amplifier. It was a major factor in the rapid development of fiber-optic networks in the 1990s, because it extended the distance between costly regenerators. In addition, an EDFA amplifies all the channels in a WDM signal simultaneously, whereas regenerators require optical to electrical conversion for each channel.

42
Q

terminal multiplexer

A

DWDM multiplexers are often referred to as terminal muxes because they tend to be positioned at the end points in a network. So if only two sites need to be connected, a multiplexer is positioned at each site, creating a point-to-point connection between the two sites.a multiplexer, which sends data from a single source to multiple destinations,In a DWDM system, a multiplexer combines up to 40 wavelengths onto a single fiber cable at the transmit end. At the receive end, a demultiplexer and receive modules split the wavelengths apart. A demultiplexer is needed at each end of the fiber connection

43
Q

line repeater

A

A line repeater is a device that regenerates digital signals along a span between two central offices. Line repeaters were used in the past to increase bandwidth and address capacity issues in large cities

44
Q

terminal demultiplexer

A

A terminal demultiplexer is a device that separates a multi-wavelength signal into individual signals and outputs them on separate fibers. It is used in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) systems.

45
Q

CWDM

A

Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) is a technology that increases the bandwidth of fiber-optic networks by transmitting multiple data signals over a single fiber cable. CWDM is a type of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology.is commonly used with television cable networks

46
Q

Latency

A

Latency is the time it takes for data to pass from one point on a network to another.

47
Q

One way satellite system

A

one way satellite system requires a satelite card and a satellite dish installed at the ends users site.this system works by sending outgoing request on one link using a phone line, with inbound traffic returning on the satellite link,home satellite systems are asymmetric

48
Q

Two way satellite system

A

Two way satellite system provides data paths for both upstream and downstream data, like the one way system the two way system uses a satellite card and a satellite dish installed at the end user site; bidirectional communication occurs directly between the use’s node and the satellite,home satellite systems are asymmetric

49
Q

Satellite cards

A

Satellite cards are used in two-way satellite internet systems to communicate between the end user and a satellite. The satellite card is installed on the end user’s side, along with a satellite dish that acts as an antenna. The dish needs to have a clear line of sight to the satellite, and it connects to a router or modem in the home.

50
Q

Propagation time

A

propagation time is the time it takes for a signal to travel from a satellite to a receiver, and back again

51
Q

termination point

A

termination point is the edge of a network where it connects to other networks or terminal equipment, such as a telephone.

52
Q

NTD

A

Network termination device (NTD)
A device that connects a customer’s data or phone equipment to a carrier’s line. It’s often a large box that’s fixed to a wall and already connected to a power supply unit

53
Q

NTU

A

A device that connects a user’s equipment to a service provider’s network

54
Q

demarc

A

A demarcation point (sometimes referred to as demarc, dmarc, point of demarcation, or network boundary point) is the physical point where the public switched telephone network ends and a customer’s personal network or the private network of an organization or business begins.

55
Q

demarc extension

A

The cabling from the demarc extends to a wiring closet or data distribution system to integrate with the network.

56
Q

smart jack

A

A smart jack, also known as an Intelligent Network Interface Device (INID) or Network Interface Unit (NIU), is a device that connects a customer’s premises to a service provider’s WAN infrastructure.

57
Q

NID

A

In telecommunications, a network interface device (NID; also known by several other names) is a device that serves as the demarcation point between the carrier’s local loop and the customer’s premises wiring. Outdoor telephone NIDs also provide the subscriber with access to the station wiring and serve as a convenient test point for verification of loop integrity and of the subscriber’s inside wiring.

58
Q

CSU/DSU

A

A CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) is a hardware device that converts digital data frames between local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs). It’s used to connect data terminal equipment (DTE), like a router, to a digital circuit, such as a T1 line.
CSU/DSUs are often used in home businesses that lease a digital line to a phone company or internet service provider. In these setups, there’s a CSU/DSU at the customer’s end and another one at the host’s end. Both units must be set to the same communications standard.

59
Q

Plenum cable

A

Plenum cable is jacketed with a fire-retardant plastic jacket of either a low-smoke polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or a fluorinated ethylene polymer (FEP).

60
Q

Termination

A

Termination involves attaching connectors to the cable ends, allowing them to be plugged into network devices like switches, routers, cameras, or computers. This physical connection is essential for data transfer between devices.

61
Q

hypervisor

A

A hypervisor is a software program that allows a single physical computer to run multiple virtual machines (VMs). It’s also known as a virtual machine monitor (VMM) or virtualizer.
A hypervisor’s main function is to allocate a physical computer’s resources, such as CPU, memory, and storage, to each VM. This allows the creation and management of multiple VMs from a single physical machine, which is known as virtualization.There are two main types of hypervisors: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 hypervisors run directly on the physical hardware of the underlying computer, and are also known as bare-metal hypervisors.

62
Q

NFV

A

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a network architecture that uses virtualization technologies to replace network hardware with software-based virtual machines (VMs). NFV allows network applications to be separated from the hardware resources they use, such as storage, compute, and other network hardware. This enables communication service providers (CSPs) to manage and expand network capabilities on-demand.

63
Q

VM

A

In computing, a virtual machine is the virtualization or emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide the functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve specialized hardware, software, or a combination of the two.

64
Q

container

A

Containers are technologies that allow the packaging and isolation of applications with their entire runtime environment—all of the files necessary to run. This makes it easy to move the contained application between environments (dev, test, production, etc.) while retaining full functionality. Containers are also an important part of IT security. By building security into the container pipeline and defending infrastructure, containers stay reliable, scalable, and trusted. You can also easily move the containerized application between public, private and hybrid cloud environments and data centers (or on-premises) with consistent behavior and functionality.

65
Q

Data segregation

A

Data segregation is the process of organizing data into separate categories and applying different access controls to each category. The goal is to limit access to data so that only authorized individuals can view it

66
Q

Multitenancy

A

Multitenancy is a software architecture that allows multiple customers to share a single instance of a software application or computing resources. In a multitenant environment, each customer, or tenant, is logically separated but physically integrated with the other tenants.
Multitenancy is a key component of cloud computing and is used in both public and private cloud environments. It allows cloud providers to deliver infrastructure, platforms, and software to multiple customers while keeping their data isolated

67
Q

vNICs

A

Virtual network interface cards (vNICs) are virtual network interfaces that are based on the physical NICs of a host. Each host can have multiple NICs, and each NIC can be a base for multiple vNICs.

68
Q

VCN

A

A virtual cloud network (VCN) refers to a system that has devices, virtual machines, servers, and data centers linked and controlled using wireless technology and software. With virtual cloud networking, an organization can expand their network as they see fit, without having to sacrifice efficiency and functionality.

69
Q

NIC

A

A NIC (Network Interface Card)(or Network Interface Controller) is a computer hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network and exchange data with other devices. NICs can use wired or wireless technologies to connect to a network

70
Q

VLAN

A

A virtual local area network or VLAN is a logical grouping of devices connected to a single Ethernet segment. It helps networks by reducing the number of broadcast domains per network device and network subnet. And This allows multiple networks to share the same physical infrastructure without interfering.

71
Q

VLAN tagging

A

IEEE 802.1Q, often referred to as Dot1q, is the networking standard that supports virtual local area networking on an IEEE 802.3 Ethernet network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for Ethernet frames and the accompanying procedures to be used by bridges and switches in handling such frames, VLAN tagging is a method used to identify packets belonging to different virtual LANs (VLANs) on a network. VLAN tagging is used in network environments where multiple VLANs are employed to segment the network into smaller, more manageable segments.

72
Q

vSwitch

A

A virtual switch (vSwitch) is a software program that allows virtual machines (VMs) to communicate with each other and with physical networks. It acts as a logical switching fabric that emulates a switch as a layer-2 network device

73
Q

vRouter

A

A Virtual Router, or vRouter, is a software function that replicates in software the functionality of a hardware-based Layer 3 Internet Protocol (IP) routing, which has traditionally used a dedicated hardware device.

74
Q

Smart jack

A

also known as NID Network interface device ,the smart jack also performs several primary functions:
loopback feature, signal amplification, surge protection, remote alarms.

Ethernet Cable CAT (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions