Network Layer Flashcards
Major Function of Network Layer?
The major task is to establish the connection between different networks. This is achieved by flooding the datagrams from from network to the other with the help of the routing algorithms.
why is routing important.
routing is important as it reduces the network failure by managing the network traffic. to establish a efficient network communication.
How routing works.
if i search for a website using the kletech wifi then the first packet is sent to the kletech router and from there it will look up into the header to see the destination and based on the destination we look up in the router table and from the router table we decide which is the next router so that we reach the destination.
types of routing.
we have static and dynamic routing.
static routing: here the paths are manually configured.
dynamic routing: here the paths are configured based on the actual connections during the run-time.
types of IGP
distance vector routing protocol:
-> based on bellman ford routing algorithm., here each router doesn’t have a knowledge about the entire network. the advertise to gain knowledge and route packets.
Link- state protocol :
-> the state of the link is advertised to all the other routers and use algorithms to find the shortest path.
RIP
it is a type of interior gateway protocol based on bellman ford algorithm. it uses hop counts to route the packets but the hop count is limited to 15 hops , therefore the 16th hop is considered as infinite distance.
it used user datagram protocol for transmission of packets and port number reserved for it is 520.
they regularly send information to other routers if they don’t hear back from a router with 180 secs, then that router is considered as dead.
Open shortest part first
As the name suggest it looks for the shortest path among all the routing paths. uses link-state routing protocol algorithm with the help of Dijkstra’s algorithm.
It doesn’t use TCP or UDP it encapsulates the data in the ip datagram unlike any other routing algorithms. It does it’s own error detection also.
Border gateway protocol
it is a exterior gateway protocol used for network communication between two autonomous systems.
hot potato routing
A network routing protocol where the packets are delivered from one node to the other in the minimum delay.
reverse path forwarding
here the routers forward only the copies that have travelled the shortest path from the source to the route.
Non routable addresses
10.0.0.0/8 , 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
