network fundamentals

Question 1

act of transmitting and exchanging information between people, people and objects, etc.

Answer 1

communication

Question 2

the largest computer network in the world

Answer 2

internet

Question 3

the predecessor of internet that was born in 1969

Answer 3

ARPAnet (advanced research projects agency network)

Question 4

the communication between terminal devices through a computer network

Answer 4

network communication

Question 5

a sign that conveys information about something

Answer 5

means of communication (signal)

Question 6

an event which shows that something exists

Answer 6

communicated information (signal)

Question 7

a detectable physical quantity or impulse by which information can be transmitted via telegraphy, etc

Answer 7

electronics transmitted information (signal)

Question 8

examples of signals:

Answer 8

electrical (voltage, current)
acoustic (audio speech signals)
video (intensity variations in an image)
biological (sequence of bases in a gene)
noise (interference - unwanted form of signal)

Question 9

what is the purpose of a signal?

Answer 9

to ensure that the synchronization between the sender and the receiver over a physical medium is maintained.

Question 10

the disturbances in that energy to travel through a medium from one location to another

Answer 10

waves

Question 11

the horizontal distance of a wave from a point to the corresponding point on the next wave.

this is measured in meters(m) in SI.

Answer 11

wavelength

Question 12

the vertical distance from a give point on the wave from the horizontal axis.

Answer 12

amplitude

Question 13

the position of the waveform relative to time zero

a measurement of the delay of the wave relative to some fixed reference point.

Answer 13

phase

Question 14

the number of waves made per second.

the reciprocal of the period to complete one wave cycle.

unit is in Hertz (Hz)

1 HZ means 1 cycle pr second

Answer 14

frequency

Question 15

the amount of time required to complete one full cycle.

Answer 15

period

Question 16

general categories of waves (2) :

Answer 16

analog wave, digital wave

Question 17

a wave in which both the amplitude and time continuously vary over their respective intervals that results in a wavy characteristic.

examples: human voice and music

Answer 17

analog (“analogous”) wave

Question 18

a wave with several discrete (jumpy) states, such as high or low, and on or off.

example: data stored in the memory of a computer in the form of 0s and 1s

Answer 18

digital wave

Question 19

computers facilitate information exchange and resource sharing from one location to another through wiring/cabling or waves that act as a physical path

Answer 19

networking media

Question 20

2 types of networking media:

Answer 20

wired or bounded media
wireless or unbounded media

Question 21

these networking media use cables and are limited by physical geography

Answer 21

wired or bounded media

Question 22

these networking media do not use any cables inn transmitting data and is not bounded by physical geography

Answer 22

wireless or unbounded media

Question 23

transmission modes (3):

Answer 23

simplex mode
half-duplex mode
full-duplex mode

Question 24

a connection wherein data flows in one direction only

transmit-only or receive-only

Answer 24

simplex mode

Question 25

a connection wherein data can flow in both direction, but not simultaneously over a shared physical medium

Answer 25

half-duplex mode

Question 26

a connection wherein data simultaneously flows in both directions.

Answer 26

full-duplex mode

Question 27

transmission types (2):

Answer 27

serial transmission parallel transmission

Question 28

a transmission in which data with each bit lining up in a series are sent over a single wire at a time

Answer 28

serial transmission

Question 29

a transmission wherein a group of bits is sent simultaneously, but each uses a different channel

Answer 29

parallel transmission

Question 30

types of wired or bounded media:

Answer 30

serial cable coaxial cable twisted pair cable fiber optic cable

Question 31

the cable that's the most widely used standard for serial data communication that is intended to operate over distances of up to 50 feet and has a communication speed that is equal to or less than 20Kbps.

Answer 31

serial cable

Question 32

a cable that refers to two conductors enclosed by an insulating protective coating

Answer 32

coaxial cable

Question 33

types of coaxial cable:

Answer 33

thin (thinnet) cable thick (thicknet) cable

Question 34

a flexible coaxial cable about 0.25 inches thick it uses british naval connector (BNC)-T cable connector attached to LAN Card (NIC)

Answer 34

thin (thinnet) cable

Question 35

a rigid coaxial cable about 0.5 inches in diameter. uses vampire tap or piercing tap as connectors.

Answer 35

thick (thicknet) cable

Question 36

cable that consists of two insulated strands of copper wire that are arranged in a regular spiral pattern

Answer 36

twisted pair cable

Question 37

types of twisted pair cable

Answer 37

unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable

Question 38

refers to a twisted pair cable that contains no shielding

Answer 38

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable

Question 39

refers to a signal loss due to impedance

Answer 39

attenuation

Question 40

refers to the twisted-wire pairs producing a magnetic field cancellation effect

Answer 40

crosstalk

Question 41

refers to a bundle of extremely thin and cylindrically shaped glass fibers surrounded by a concentric layer of glass coating that can conduct modulated light transmissions.

Answer 41

fiber optic cable

Question 42

parts of the fiber optics cable:

Answer 42

core cladding coating strengthening fibers cable jacket (sheath)

Question 43

part of the fiber optics cable that refers to the innermost section that consists of one or more very thin strands or fibers made of glass or plastic

Answer 43

core

Question 44

part of the fiber optics cable that refers to an outer optical glass or plastic coating that surrounds and traps the light in the core by the principle of total internal reflection.

Answer 44

cladding

Question 45

part of the fiber optics cable that helps shield the core and cladding from damage

Answer 45

coating

Question 46

part of the fiber optics cable that stands as protection for the core against compressive forces or crushing and tension or excessive pulling.

Answer 46

strengthening fibers

Question 47

part of the fiber optics cable that refers to an outermost layer that protects a buffer or a bundle of buffer-coated fibers against moisture, abrasion, crushing, etc.

Answer 47

cable jacket (sheath)

Question 48

fiber optic modes:

Answer 48

single-mode fiber optic cable multimode fiber optic cable

Question 49

this fiber optic cable type allows light waves to travel along a single path or in only one mode. used for high-speed transmission over long distance.

Answer 49

single-mode fiber optic cable

Question 50

this fiber optic cable type allows light waves to travel into numerous paths through the core of the fiber at various angles.

Answer 50

multimode fiber optic cable

Question 51

refers to a wireless medium that is used for multicast communications and paging systems over long distances

Answer 51

radio wave

Question 52

refers to a metallic structure that acts as a transducer that converts electrical energy to electromagnetic energy and vice-versa also known as "aerial"

Answer 52

antenna

Question 53

types of wave propagation:

Answer 53

line of sight propagation method ground wave (surface) propagation method skywave (ionospheric) propagation method space wave (tropospheric) propagation method

Question 54

a method by which radio waves travel from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna

Answer 54

line of sight propagation method

Question 55

a method by which radio waves are radiated directly towards the earth's surface

Answer 55

ground wave (surface) propagation method

Question 56

a method by which radio waves radiate upwards from the transmitting antenna of the earth into a direction towards the ionosphere

Answer 56

skywave (ionospheric) propagation method

Question 57

a method by which radio waves radiation exceeds 30 MHz up to 300 GHz.

Answer 57

space wave (tropospheric) method

Question 58

refers to a wireless medium that is sued for short-range communication in a closed area using line-of-sight propagation

Answer 58

infrared

Question 59

refers to a wireless medium that is used for unicast communication such as wireless PAN (bluetooth), broadband wireless access or wireless MAN (WiMax), etc

Answer 59

microwave

Question 60

a short-ranged wireless communication technology that allows devices such as mobile phones, computers, and peripherals to transmit data or voice wirelessly over a short distance

Answer 60

bluetooth