Network+ Extra 8

Question 1

translates between 2 dissimilar protocols to get them working together.

Answer 1

gateway device

Question 2

port numbers happen at the session layer

Answer 2

Session Layer

Question 3

Transport Layer > ?

Network Layer > ?

Data Link > ?

Physical > ?

Answer 3

Transport Layer > Segments

Network Layer > Packets

Data Link > Frames

Physical > Bits

Question 4

_____ ___________ __________ where the transition between voltages or the presence of light shows a binary value

Synchronizing bits: For two networked devices to successfully communicate at the physical layer, they must agree on when one bit stops and another bit starts. Specifically, the devices need a method to synchronize the bits.

Answer 4

State transition modulation

Question 5

Synchronizing bits has two modes :

With this approach, a sender states that it is about to start transmitting by sending a start bit to the receiver. When the receiver sees this, it starts its own internal clock to measure the next bits. After the sender transmits its data, it sends a stop bit to say that it has finished its transmission.

Answer 5

Asynchronous (Synchronizing bits)

Question 6

Synchronizing bits has two modes :

This approach synchronizes the internal clocks of both the sender and the receiver to ensure that they agree on when bits begin and end. A common approach to make this synchronization happen is to use an external clock (for example, a clock given by a service provider). The sender and receiver then reference this external clock.

Answer 6

Synchronous (Synchronizing bits)

Question 7

? technologies divide the bandwidth available on a medium (for example, copper or fiber-optic cabling) into different channels. A sender can then transmit different communication streams over the various channels. For example, consider frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) used by a cable modem.

Answer 7

Broadband

Question 8

? technologies, in contrast, use all the available frequencies on a medium to send data. Ethernet is an example of a networking technology that uses ?.

Answer 8

Baseband

Question 9

allows multiple communications sessions to share the same physical medium. Cable TV, as previously mentioned, allows you to receive multiple channels over a single physical medium.

Answer 9

Multiplexing

Question 10

A downside to TDM is that each communication session receives its own time slot, even if one of the sessions does not have any data to send at the moment. To make a more efficient use of available bandwidth, ? dynamically assigns time slots to communications sessions on an as-needed basis.

Answer 10

Statistical time-division multiplexing (StatTDM) :