Network Addressing Flashcards
What are MAC addresses?
They are the physical addresses of the computer system. They do not change and are integrated into the NIC.
MAC stands for Media Access Control.
What are the first 6 digits of the MAC address?
They are the OUI.
The Organizationally Unique Identifier.
These are the organisations digits.
What are the last 6 digits of the MAC address?
They are vendor assigned.
They are assigned by the NIC or other such interfaces.
They are unique to this device.
What are each 6 digits of the \MAC address made up of?
24 bits.
They are 48 bits as a whole.
How are MAC addresses typically represented ?
In Hexadecimal.
What are MAC addresses used for?
They are used for NIC to NIC communications on the same network.
They are used in ethernet networks mostly.
Can routers have multiple NICs?
Yes. They connect to multiple networks and thus require multiple NICs.
What are IPv4 addresses? How are they represented?
They are 32 bit addresses.
They are represented in decimal notation.
They are separated into four octets of 8 bits each.
What are IPv6 addresses? How are they represented?
They are 128 bit addresses.
They are represented in hexadecimal notation, separated by colons.
They have 8 16-bit segments. Each digit is 4 bits.
What is the difference between decimal, hexadecimal and binary?
Decimal is base 10. 0-9
Binary is base 2. 0-1
Hexadecimal is base 16. 0-9 and A-F
What are Subnet Masks?
They are 32 bit addresses, represented as decimal.
They have specific values, with the first 24 bits being 1s and the rest of them being 0s.
They can be represented by a / followed by a string of 1s.
255.255.255.0 can also be represented as /24
What are subnet masks used for?
They are used to separate the network and host aspects of the IPv4 address.
192.168.100.1
255.255.255.0
They separate the 1 of the IPv4 address from the rest of it.
What are the two rules of IPv6 addresses?
Leading 0s in any segment can be omitted.
A single string of continuous 0s can be replaced by a continuous double colon. :0000: -> ::
They can utilise only on double colon.
These rules help compress the addresses.
How do IPv6 addresses separate themselves?
Just like IPv4 they have network and host portions.
The prefix and interface ID.
They use a slash notation, to indicate how many bits are part of the network address.
2001:db8:acad:100:37ef:100:a765:1/64
Up to the first 100 is the network portion.
The host is then replaced with all 0s, which is in turn replaced with a double colon.
How do you find all of these addresses on a device?
In command prompt type ipconfig /all
