Network Flashcards

1
Q

What is forwarding?

A

A process in which a packet arrives at a router then later output to the next router

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2
Q

What is routing

A

Determine the best route for packet delivery

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3
Q

What is VC & its characteristics?

A
  • connection oriented data transmission
    ~ data transfer stays on source & destination path
    ~ requires buffer & bandwidth thus costly
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4
Q

What is datagram?

A
  • connectionless data transmission in small units by all intermediate routers
    ~ packet consisting of destination address header
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5
Q

What are the routing algorithms?

A
  1. distance vector
  2. link state
  3. hierarchical
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6
Q

What are the 3 routing methods?

A
  1. Routing Information Protocol
  2. Open Shortest Path First
  3. Border Gateway Protocol
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7
Q

What is RIP & how it works

A
  • Routing Information Protocol
    ~ determine best path via hop count
    ~ 1 router = 1 hop (max=15)
    ~ exchange with neighbour for 30s, after 180s no response, send new advertisement to new neighbour
    ~ < hop count = best path
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8
Q

What is OSPF & how it works?

A
  • Open Shortest Path First
    ~ determine best path by mapping out networking link
    ~ gather link state information, map out network, network based on dest ip address, compute shortest path using Dijksha algorithm
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9
Q

What is BGP & how it works?

A
  • Border Gateway Protocol
  • determine path by exchanging routing & reachability among autonomous system
  • information from iBGP & eBGP, advertise prefix & forward datagram
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10
Q

What is IPv4

A
  • 32 bit address to identify host & network route
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11
Q

How to get IPv4 address?

A

Domain Host Configuration Protocol
- device connects to router
- device DHCP request is being encapsulated downwards
- request then receive by DCP server
- demux the request at server side
- DHCP ACK send from server which later encapsulated
- demux at client’s end which receive ip address

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12
Q

IPv4 subnet & NAT

A
  • consists of 3 network subnet & 1 host subnet
  • Network Address Translation
    ~ convert local address to public NAT address
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13
Q

what is IPv6?

A

-128 bit address

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14
Q

Why use IPv6?

A

solve IPv4 limitation & issues with NAT

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15
Q

What is IPv6 subnet?

A
  • consists of 8 subnet portions
  • 0/1 is 4 hexa bits = 16 bits
  • has global subnet, subnet ID (organization) & interface ID (host)
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16
Q

What is selective repeat pipeline?

A
  • only retransmit the selective unACK packet
  • sender keeps time for each not ACK packet