Netherlands

Question 1

When did Netherlands peak?

Answer 1

Mid-17th c

Question 2

Chartered companies

Answer 2

VOC in 1602 and WIC in 1621

Question 3

Trade monopolies

Answer 3

First spices
Then coffee, tea, and textile

Question 4

Northeastern passage (didn’t work)

Answer 4

Attempts by Muscovy company 1555 and Dutch Rep in 1597

Question 5

Northwest passage (Hudson)

Answer 5

Hudson in 1609-11:
First Hudson river for VOC
Then Hudson bay for England

Question 6

New Netherlands

Answer 6

Founded in 1614
Purchase of Manhattan in 1626
Conquered by England in 1664

Question 7

VOC in Asia (17th c)

Answer 7

Spice islands (Moluccas) in 1602
Batavia (Java) in 1619
Then Malacca, Ceylon and parts of India
Trade posts in Taiwan and Japan

Question 8

VOC in South Africa and Oceania

Answer 8

Resupply point in Cape Colony in 1652 (farmer settlers)
Exploration of Australia and New Zealand

Question 9

WIC in Americas (17th c)

Answer 9

Piracy: attacked Spanish trading ships (criminal acts supported by a state)
Wars: with Spain (Antilles), Portugal (Brazil) and England (New Amsterdam and Suriname)