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Anatomy & Physiology II > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

nerve

A

Neuro

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2
Q

nerve cell. properties of excitation, conduction, and secretion

A

Neuron

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3
Q

chemical released at the distal end of a neuron, a messenger

A

Neurotransmitter

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4
Q

towards

A

“af”

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5
Q

away

A

“ef”

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6
Q

afferent. message towards the brain

A

Sensory neuron

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7
Q

efferent, message away from the brain

A

Motor neuron

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8
Q

between

A

Inter

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9
Q

neuron between sensory and motor found only in the CNS

A

Interneuron

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10
Q

electrical and chemical means to send messages QUICKLY from cell to cell

A

Nervous system

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11
Q

Of our 11 systems, which two systems maintain internal communication/coordination?

A

nervous system (electrochemical) and endocrine (hormones in the blood)

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12
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the nervous system?

A

Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves and rest of nervous system)

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13
Q

The peripheral nervous system is divided into what divisions?

A

sensory and motor division

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14
Q

skin, muscle, bone joint

A

somatic subdivision

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15
Q

thoracic and abdominal organ. heart, lung, stomach and bladder

A

visceral subdivision

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16
Q

prepares the body for action (fight or flight)

A

sympathetic

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17
Q

rest and digest

A

parasympathetic

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18
Q

digestive tract has a nervous system of its own know as?

A

enteric nervous system

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19
Q

What are the functional classes of neurons?

A

Sensory (afferent) neurons, interneurons, motor (efferent) neurons

20
Q

AKA soma. cell body contains the nucleus

A

neurosoma

21
Q

receives signals from receptors (1-1000s)

A

dendrites

22
Q

rapid conduction of nerve signal to target cell

A

axon

23
Q

where the axon originates and where threshold occurs

A

axon hillock

24
Q

cytoplasm of the axon

A

axoplasm

25
Q

plasma membrane of the axon

A

axolemma

26
Q

spiral layer of insulation

A

myelin sheath

27
Q

production of myelin sheath

A

myelination

28
Q

outermost layer (ending) of the myelin sheath

A

neurilemma

29
Q

myelin covered segment

A

internode

30
Q

gap between the myelin sheath segments

A

node of ranvier

31
Q

bulbous end that forms the synapse with the target cell

A

axon terminal (terminal button)

32
Q

space between 2 neurons, between the axon terminal and the target cell

A

synapse

33
Q

Where are neurotransmitters released at?

A

the synapse

34
Q

generate energy for neuron

A

mitochondria (presynaptic)

35
Q

packages of neurotransmitters that will be released into the synapse by a process know as exocytosis

A

vesicle (presynaptic)

36
Q

receives signal through synapse from neurotransmitters

A

receptors (postsynaptic)

37
Q

How do we stop the signal?

A

reabsorbtion, diffusion, enzyme breakdown (synapse clearance)

38
Q

bulb body, like octopus, up to 15 arms, attach to nerve fibers to form myelin sheath

A

oligodendrocytes (CNS Neuroglia)

39
Q

resemble cuboidal ciliated epithelia that line the brain and SC, secrete/move CSF

A

ependymal (CNS Neuroglia)

40
Q

macrophages that develop from WBC and seek out debris, will become clustered when there is an injury, trauma, or stroke

A

Microglia (CNS Neuroglia)

41
Q

covers brain and nerves except synapse in gray mater. 90% of brain tissue. forms framework, monitors stimuli/blood flow/glucose

A

Astrocytes (CNS Neuroglia)

42
Q

myelin sheath (PNS Neuroglia)

A

schwann cells

43
Q

surround the soma of neurons, provide electrical insulation, regulate chemical environment (PNS Neuroglia)

A

Satellite cells

44
Q

multi dendrite, one axon, most common, brain, SC (CNS)

A

multipolor

45
Q

single process leading away from soma, bypasses the soma to the SC, sensory

A

unipolar

46
Q

one dendrite, one axon, found in retina of eye

A

bipolar

47
Q

multi dendrite, no axon, found in brain

A

anaxonic

Anatomy & Physiology II (1 decks)

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