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Physiology Chapter 9 > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

0
Q

Astrocytes provide a protection of the brain called the

A

Blood brain barrier

Neuroglia

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1
Q

At a synapse, the neuron that is sending the action potential is..

A

presynaptic

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2
Q

This lines the cavities of the brain in the CNS

A

Ependymal

Neuroglia

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3
Q

Produces the myelin in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

Neuroglia

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4
Q

Supports neurons in the ganglia

A

Satellite cells

Neuroglia

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5
Q

Star shaped and supports neurons in the CNS

A

Astrocytes

Neuroglia

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6
Q

Smallest in size of the neuroglia

A

microglia

neuroglia

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7
Q

Forms neurolemma and myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann

Neuroglia

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8
Q

3 Functions of the nervous system are:

A

Sensation
Integration
Motor (to effector)

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9
Q

The synaptic cleft is the space that a __________ crosses to initiate a response in a post synaptic neuron

A

Neurotransmitter

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10
Q

What is the difference between a nerve and a tract?

A

Nerve is in the PNS

Tract is in the CNS

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11
Q

The insulating material of a neuron in the PNS is

A

Myelin

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12
Q

Name 3 characteristics that would increase the speed of nerve transmission

A

Larger diameter
Myelin
Warmer temperature

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13
Q

The body’s natural pain-killer is

A

Endorphines

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14
Q

A neurotransmitter that helps regulates moods is

A

Seratonin

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15
Q

The “fight or flight” nervous system is

A

Sympathetic

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16
Q

Highly branched; input part of the neuron

A

Dendrites

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17
Q

Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheath

A

Nodes of Ranvier

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18
Q

Bundle of many axons in the CNS

A

tract

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19
Q

Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS

A

afferent/sensory

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20
Q

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector

A

Motor/efferent

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22
Q

Produces myelin sheath in PNS

A

Schwann cell

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23
Q

Group of cell bodies in the PNS

A

Ganglia

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24
Long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron
Axon
25
The portion of the neuron containing the nucleus
Cell body
26
Sac in which the neurotransmitter is stored
Synaptic vessicle
27
Neuron located entirely within the CNS
Interneuron
28
Substance used for communication at chemical synapses
Neurontransmitter
29
Bundle of many axons in the PNS
Nerve
30
Rounded structure at the distal end of an axon terminal
Synaptic end bulb
31
This type of neuron takes impulses to muscles
motor/efferent
32
An axon carries an impulse____from a cell body
away
33
A neurotransmitter must cross the_______to initiate and impulse in postsynaptic neuron
Synaptic cleft
34
A motor neuron is an example of____nerve
efferent
35
A myelinated neuron appears to be what color?
white
36
MS is more common in
Women
37
Membrane where inner and outer surfaces have equal amounts of electrical charge
depolarized
38
Membrane where an inner and outer surfaces have unequal amounts of electrical charge
polarized
39
Time during which a neuron can't be stimulated to initiate an impulse
refractory period
40
Ions found in high concentration inside the plasma membrane
K+
41
Ions found in high concentration outside the plasma membrane
Na+
42
The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a plasma membrane
Resting potential | -70mv
43
The mechanism by which ions are moved through the plasma membrane from lesser to greater concentration
Active transport/ Sodium pump
44
The portion of the nervous system that regulates the gastrointestinal tract is the
Enteric nervous system
45
Damage to dendrites would interfere with a neurons ability to
receive input
46
The type of cell that produces myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS is the
Oligodendrocytes
47
A bundle of axons in the CNS is
a tract
48
In a resting neuron
The sodium-potassium pump helps maintain the low concentration of Na+ inside the cell
49
The depolarizing phase of a nerve impulse is cause by a
Rush of Na+ into the neuron
50
If a stimulus is strong enough to generate an action potential, the impulse generated is of a constant size. A stronger stimulus cannot generate a larger impulse. This is known as
The all-or-none principle
51
Saltatory conduction occurs
At the Nodes of Ranvier
52
The speed of a nerve impulse conduction is increased by
myelination
53
For a signal to be transmitted by means of a chemical synapse from a presynaptic neuron to a postsynaptic neuron,
The post synaptic neuron must contain neurotransmitter receptors
54
What would happen at the postsynaptic neuron if the total inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitters were greater than the total excitatory effects?
No nerve impulse would be generated
55
Inhibitory amino acid in the CNS
GABA
56
A gaseous neurotransmitter that is not packaged into synaptic vessicles
Nitric oxide
57
Excitatory amino acid in the CNS
Glutamate
58
Body's natural pain killer
Endorphines
59
Helps regulate mood
Serotonin
60
Neurotransmitter that activates skeletal muscle fibers
Acetylcholine
61
The portion of a neuron containing the nucleus
Cell body
62
Rounded structure at the end of the axon terminal
Synaptic end bulb
63
Highly branched, input part of a neuron
Dendrite
64
Sac in which neurotransmitter is stored
Synaptic vessicle
65
Neuron located entirely within the CNS
Interneuron
66
Long, cylindrical process that conducts impulses toward another neuron
Axon
67
Produces myelin sheath in the PNS
Schwann cell
68
Unmyelinated gap in the myelin sheath
Node of Ranvier
69
Substance that increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction
Myelin sheath
70
Neuron that conveys information from a receptor to the CNS
Sensory neuron
71
Neuron that conveys information from the CNS to an effector
Motor neuron
72
Bundle of many axons in the PNS
Nerve
73
Bundle of many axons in the CNS
Tract
74
Group of cell bodies in the PNS
ganglion
75
Group of cell bodies in the CNS
Nucleus
76
Substance used for communication at chemical synapses
Neurotransmitter

Physiology Chapter 9 (1 decks)

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