Nervous system review Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Describe the divisions of the nervous system

A

Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)

Peripheral Nervous System

  • Somatic (voluntary)
  • Autonomic (involuntary) - Parasympathetic (rest/digest) & Sympathetic (fight/flight)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the 5 features of a neuron

A

Soma - body

Dendrites - extensions for receiving information

Axon - extension for transmitting information

Axon hillock - junction between cell body and axon

Axon terminal/s - end of axon, for synaptic connection with other neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the 5 basic steps of a neuron synapse

A
  1. action potential reaches axon terminal and depolarizes membrane
  2. voltage-gated calcium channels open and calcium flows in to neuron
  3. calcium influx triggers synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitter
  4. neurotransmitter crosses synaptic cleft and bind to receptors on post-synaptic neuron
  5. can inhibit an inhibitory or excitatory response from post-synaptic neuron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the 5 basic steps of action potential generation

A
  1. voltage-gated Na+ (sodium) channels open, and Na+ flows into axon
  2. membrane is depolarized and an action potential is generated
  3. voltage-gated Na+ channels close, and voltage-gated K+ (potassium) channels open. K+ leaves the axon.
  4. membrane is repolarized
  5. voltage-gated K+ (potassium) channels close and membrane repolarizes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which types of cells form the sheath of axons in the CNS and PNS?

A

PNS - Schwann cells

CNS - oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many spinal nerves are there?

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves:

8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly