Nervous System Medications Flashcards
Benzodiazepines
Alprazolam
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Clonazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Clorazepate
Oxazepam
Benzodiazepine Side Effects
CNS depression
Anterograde amnesia
Benzodiazepine Contraindications
Pt’s who are, or have:
Pregnancy
Lactation
Sleep Apnea
Respiratory depression
Glaucoma
Benzodiazepine Food/Drug Interactions
Drugs:
CNS depressants –> respiratory depression
Anticonvulsants –> CNS depression
Antihistamines –> CNS depression
Food:
Grapefruit juice –> reduced metabolism
High-fat meals –> reduce absorption
Benzodiazepine Client Education
Avoid alcohol or other CNS depressants
Avoid activities that require alertness
Dependency can develop
Atypical Anxiolytic/Nonbarbiturate anxiolytic
Buspirone
What are the therapeutic uses of buspirone?
Panic disorder
Social anxiety disorder
OCD
PTSD
GAD
Bruxism
Buspirone Side Effects
Dizziness
Nausea - Take w/ food
HA
Lightheadedness
Agitation
Constipation - Increase fluid and fiber intake
SI - Monitor and report manifestations of depression and thoughts of SI
Buspirone Contraindications
Concurrent use with MAOIs –> hypertensive crisis
What drugs or foods interact with buspirone?
Increase the effects of buspirone:
Erythromycin
Ketoconazole
St. John’s wort
Grapefruit juice
Buspirone Client Education
2 to 4 weeks for full therapeutic effect
Take on a regular basis, NOT PRN
Take with food to prevent GI upset
Tolerance, dependence, or withdrawal NOT an issue with this medication
SSRIs
Paroxetine
Sertraline
Citalopram
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Fluvoxamine
What are the early adverse effects of SSRIs?
Nausea
diaphoresis
tremor
fatigue
drowsiness
What are the late adverse effects of SSRIs?
Insomnia
HA
sexual dysfunction
What are the major side effects of SSRIs?
Weight changes
Hyponatremia
Serotonin Syndrome:
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