Nervous System (Intro) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the Peripheral and Central Nervous System?

A
  1. Communications between regions of the body
  2. Coordination of body functions
  3. Orientation to environment
  4. Assimilation
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2
Q

What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?

A

Neuron

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3
Q

What provides support, nourishment, and protection to neurons?

A

Neuroglia and Glial cells

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4
Q

What are the parts of the Central Nervous System?

A
  1. Brain
  2. Spinal cord
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5
Q

What are the parts of the Peripheral Nervous System?

A
  1. Spinal nerves
  2. Somatic nerves
  3. Dorsal root ganglia
  4. Cranial nerves
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6
Q

What conducts impulses to the CNS?

A

Afferent or Sensory Division

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7
Q

What conducts impulses from the brain to different parts of the body?

A

Efferent or Motor Division

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8
Q

What receives impulses from the brain and innervates the muscles?

A

Somatic Motor Nervous System

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9
Q

What innervates glands, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and organs?
Subconscious / Automatic

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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10
Q

Where can the Autonomic Nervous System be found?

A

The Midbrain,
Pons,
Medulla oblongata,
Spinal cord

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11
Q

What receives neural messages and transmits them towards the cell body?

A

Dendrites

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12
Q

What transmits neural messages away from the cell body?

A

Axon

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13
Q

What is another word for the nerve body?

A

Soma

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14
Q

What are the parts of the nerve body (soma)?

A
  1. Neuroplasm
  2. Nissl Bodies
  3. Nucleus
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15
Q

What is the cytoplas of the neuron called?

A

Neuroplasm

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16
Q

What is the endoplasmic reticulum of the nerve cell?

A

Nissl Bodies

17
Q

What is the triangular region of the nerve cell body that is devoid of Nissl bodies?

A

Axon Hillock

18
Q

What are the parts of the nerve cell?

A
  1. Cell body
  2. Dendrites
  3. Axon
19
Q

What has a nucleus and cytoplasm?

20
Q

What is located between sensory and motor neurons and transmits impulses to the brain for processing?

A

Association or Interneurons

21
Q

What are the classifications of neurons based on synapse?

A
  1. Multipolar Neurons
  2. Bipolar Neurons
  3. Unipolar or Pseudo Unipolar
22
Q

With single nerve cell and axons.
With -multiple dendrites-.

A

MULTIPOLAR NEURONS

23
Q

Nerve cell bodies -has two poles-.
Has axon on one pole and a dendrite on other pole.
for vision and smell.

A

BIPOPLAR NEURONS

24
Q

A single body with a single process attached to it.

A

UNIPOLAR NEURON OR PSEUDO UNIPOLAR

25
What is the space between neurons called?
Synapse
26
What are the chemicals in the synapse called?
Neurotransmitters
27
-Cells that wrap around the axons- leaving small gaps called the Nodes of Ranvier.
SCHWANN cell or NEUROLEMMOCYTE
28
These are lipoproteins which are the main component of neurolemmocyte.
MYELIN
29
What is a series of myelin called?
Myelin Sheath
30
Myelinated nerve fibers are called what matter?
White Matter
31
Unmyelinated nerve fibers are called what matter?
Gray Matter
32
What allows nerve transmission from node to node, increasing the transmission speed of the neuron?
Nodes of Ranvier
33
What is jumping transmission in the Nodes of Ranvier called?
Saltatory conduction