Nervous system functioning

Question 1

Nervous system functioning

Define Human Nervous system

Answer 1

Complex combinations of neurons that enable the brain to obtain information about what is happening inside and outside of the body and thus allows the brain to respond appropriately.

Question 2

Nervous system functioning

                 Human nervous system 
             A                                                 B
      C           D    E          F

Answer 2

A. Peripheral N.S
B. Central N.S
C. Autonomic N.S
D. Somatic N.S
E. Parasympathetic N.S
F. Sympathetic N.S

Question 3

Central nervous system

What is the CNS role? 🧠🏃‍♂️

Answer 3

Comprised of the brain and the spiral cord. Its main role is to integrate all the information coming from various parts of the body, coordinates different activities in the body, and control behavior.

Question 4

Central nervous system

Role of the brain

Answer 4

The brain organises, integrates and interprets information and then sends the information to the spinal cord.

Question 5

Central nervous system

How does the brain interact and exchange information?

Answer 5

The brain is made up of two halves called hemispheres which interact together through corpus callosum (the main communication pathway which acts as a bridge for neural messages that are sent between the two hemispheres, allowing left and right to interact and exchange information)

Question 6

Central nervous system

Role of spinal cord

Answer 6

The spinal cord conveys messages from the brain to the body o peripheral nervous system (these are motor or efferent messages), and from the body or peripheral nervous system to the brain (these are sensory or afferent messages).

Question 7

Peripheral nervous system

Whats its role?

Answer 7

Its role is to connect the CNS to the bodies organs, muscles and glands such as skin and limbs. (carrier of information to CNS to etc)

Question 8

Peripheral nervous system

What it includes?

Answer 8

All parts of the nervous system that lies outside the brain and the spinal cord

Question 9

Somatic nervous system

define

Answer 9

Voluntary movement and sensory function

Question 10

Automatic nervous system

role

Answer 10

Main role is to control involuntary body functions that help to keep us alive such as heartbeat, blood flow, respiration and digestion.

Question 11

Sympathetic nervous system

function

Answer 11

Primes the body for action and thus essential for survival, as when we are faced with fear, danger or anxiety, our body is prepared to either fight, flight, or freeze.

Question 12

Parasympathetic nervous system

function

Answer 12

Calms down the body after action

Plays vital role in maintaining homeostasis (regulating normal body functions)

Question 13

What is a conscious response ?

Answer 13

Is a response whereby the person is aware of the sensory stimulus

Question 14

What is an unconscious response ?

Answer 14

is a response that does not involve conscious awareness, i.e reflex action

Question 15

What is spinal reflex ?

Answer 15

is an unconscious, involuntary, and automatically occurring response to certain stimuli that happens without any involvement of the brain.

Question 16

why does spinal reflex occur?

Answer 16

spinal cord is the first part of the CNS that is activated when we come into contact with a painful or dangerous sensory stimulus. (survival, adaptive mechanism)

Question 17

Role of the neuron

Answer 17

as neurons communicate with each other again and again, they form neural pathways through which information is transmitted - these neural pathways essentially represent the information you are learning or engaging with.

Question 18

What is a neurotransmitter

Answer 18

are chemical substances that facilitate communication between neurons by carrying the message from the axon terminal of the pre-synaptic (sending) neuron to dendrites of post-synaptic (receiving) neuron.

Question 19

How do neurotransmitters travel across neurons (synapse)
-
-
-
-
-

Answer 19

• electric impulse is received via dendrites
• travels to axon terminals
• neurotransmitters are released via vesicles into synapse (either glutamate or gamma-amino butyric acid)
• cross the gap via diffusion (creating a chemical reaction) and received to dendrites on next neuron
• carries organs/ neuron to fire.

Question 20

Glutamate (excitatory effects)

What is it ?

Answer 20

An excitatory neurotransmitter which means that it stimulates and activates post-synaptic neuron (binds and sends message)

Question 21

Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) (inhibitory effect)

function

Answer 21

Obstruct or prevent firing and activity within the post-synaptic neuron. (message bind but doesnt pass through)

Question 22

Role of GLU and GABA

Answer 22

Counterbalance each other and therefore play an important role in regulating CNS arousal

Question 23

What is the lock and key process ?

Answer 23

Neurotransmitter search for the receptor site that matching or complements its own shape. Once binded it sends the message.

Question 24

Parkinsons disease

define

Answer 24

Is a neurodegenerative disorder (causes neurons to break down) that affects the CNS and a brain structure called the substantia nigra (involved in voluntary movement).

Question 25

Parkinsons disease

role of dopamine

Answer 25

Substantia nigra produces dopamine, so people with Parkinsons diease has less dopamine available to enact neural communication associated with movement

Question 26

Parkinsons disease

symptoms

• 🧂
• 💪
• 🏃‍♂️
• 👃
• 🐕
• 🧠

Answer 26

• tremors
• muscles
• slowness voluntary movement
• loss of smell
• panic attacks
• memory loss