Nervous System And Transmitters

Question 1

Hows the nervous system split

Answer 1

Central nervous system:
Brain
Spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system:
Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system:
Sympatic ns
Parasympatic ns

Question 2

How’s the peripheral ns split

Answer 2

Somatic ns

Autonomic ns:
Sympatic ns
Parasympatic ns

Question 3

What does the brain do

Answer 3

Provides conscious awareness and is involved in all psychological processes

Question 4

Occipital lobe

Answer 4

Processes visual information

Question 5

Temporal lobe

Answer 5

Processes auditory information

Question 6

Parietal lobe

Answer 6

Integrates information from the different senses and plays an important role in spatial navigation

Question 7

Frontal lobe

Answer 7

Is assosiated with higher order functions including planning, logic and abstract thinking

Question 8

Spinal cord

Answer 8

Transfers messages to and from the brain and rest of the body

Also responsible for simple reflex actions

Question 9

Somatic nervous system

Answer 9

Carry sensory information from the outside world (via our sensors) to the brain and provide muscle responses

Question 10

What does somatic ns consist of

Answer 10

Sensory receptors:
carry information to the spinal cord and brain

Motor pathways:
Which allows the brain to control movement

Question 11

Autonomic system

Answer 11

Important for homeostatis
Only consists of motor pathways
Sympathetic ns
Parasympathetic ns

Question 12

Sympathetic ns

Answer 12

Involved in responses preparing the body for flight or fight.

Increased heart rate or BP

Question 13

Parasympathetic ns

Answer 13

Returns body back to normal resting state after fight or flight

Question 14

Hows the CNS work

Answer 14

Nerves in our body send information via spinal cord to the brain

The brain then processes this information and sends a message to body via the spinal cord

Neuron’s in the brain pass messages along through electrical impulses

Neurotransmitters are released and cross the sympathetic gap to be picked up by receptor sites

Question 15

What is quicker nervous system or endocrine system

Answer 15

NS

Endocrine system is hormones in blood which is slower then NS which is transmitters

Question 16

whats a neuron

Answer 16

they pass infomation around the inside of the brain

they recieve and pass messages from cell to cell

Question 17

what deos a neuron have

Answer 17

one side is dendrites

from the nucleus there is a long extension called an axon, which reaches to an axon terminal

axon terminal of one neuron reaches the dendrites of another

Question 18

explain synapse

Answer 18

between dendites of one neuron and axon terminals of another is the synapse

on one side there are receptors of a certain shape prepared to recieve the neurotransmitter from the other neuron

if neurotransmitter fits the receptor then the message is passed on if not its blocked.

Question 19

main parts of neuron

Answer 19

cell body- contains the nucleus which houses genetic material. cell body also contains mitocondria which provides neurons with energy

attached to the cell body are dendrites that recieve messages to trigger an action potential within the cell

attached to the cell body is an axon that passes the electrical impulse towards the axon terminal.

around the outside of the axon are layers of fatty deposits called myelin sheaths and the breaks in between are called nodes of ranvier

at the end of the axon are axon terminals. these pass nerve impulses from the cell body to parts of the body they control or activate. they contain tiny sacs called vesicles that store neurotransmitters

Question 20

whats noradrenaline

Answer 20

a neurotransmitter that is associated with emotions, particulary mood control

Question 21

whats dopamine

Answer 21

a neurotransmitter related to emotion and cognitive functions

used in hormone regulation

Question 22

what is serotonin

Answer 22

a neurotransmitter associated with mood control in particulary limbic system in the brain

Question 23

presynaptic neuron

Answer 23

neuron sending the messages

Question 24

postsynaptic neuron

Answer 24

neuron recievig the message

Question 25

whats reuptake

Answer 25

any neurotransmitter molecule that have not been absorbed by the receptors or post synaptic neuron will be destroyed or absorbed again by presynaptic neuron in a process know as reuptake

Question 26

what are drugs

Answer 26

chemicals that have an effect on humans

recreational drugs are called as such as they are taken for pleasure

often known as psychoactive substances because they alter brain function, which changes our mood, perception and conscious experiences.

Question 27

whats mode of action mean

Answer 27

the way a drug works at the synapse and in the brain

Question 28

wyhats the reward pathway

Answer 28

in the brain and causes us to experience a pleasent and rewarding feeling

encourages us to repeat behaviours that activate the pathway

Question 29

I

Answer 29

H

Question 30

how does heroin change brain function

Answer 30

increases the amount of dopamine in the reward pathway of the brain by boosting the activation of dopaminergic synapses causing an intensely pleasurable experience

brain naturally reacts to this and reduces its dopamine production so when the drugs wear off the person has less dopamine then they should

this causes a pleasurable experience and motivates person to take more heroin to get the feeling back

Question 31

what does cocaine do to the brain

Answer 31

blocks the reuptake of dopamine into the pre synaptic neuron so more is left in the synapse for the message to continue

Question 32

what does cannabis do to the brain

Answer 32

cannabinoid receptors block the post synaptic receptors meaning there is a reduction of activity. there are many cannabinoid receptors in the hippocampus