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Anatomie > Nervous system and brain > Flashcards

Nervous system and brain Flashcards

1
Q

2 nervous systems

A

Central Nervous system
Peripheral Nervous system

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2
Q

CNS made up by what

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

CNS how many percent of what

A

99% of cognition

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4
Q

PNS all other nerves ….

A

outside of CNS

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5
Q

PNS 3 parts

A

Somatic, Autonomic and Enteric

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6
Q

Somatic

A

Talks to CNS
motor neurons (move muscles)

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7
Q

Autonomic

A

talks to CNS
sense organs

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8
Q

Autonomic sense what organs

A

eyes, nose, ears, touch, tongue

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9
Q

enteric

A

GI trac

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10
Q

action potential=…

A

nerve signal

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11
Q

draw a nerve (where is the nerve signal going along)

A
  1. photo
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12
Q

where is the CNS and the 3 parts of the PNS in the body

A
  1. photo
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13
Q

adult humain brain ….% of bodys nervous

A

97%

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14
Q

brain responsibilities

A

integrating and processing sensory and motor information
being seat of higher mental functions(intelligence, emotions, memory)

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15
Q

brain volume

A

1299ml (71 in ^3)

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16
Q

male brains usually …% … then females

A

10% larger

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17
Q

smalest brain

A

750ml

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18
Q

largest brain

A

2100ml

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19
Q

intelligence is (influenced / not influenced) by size of brain

A

not influenced

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20
Q

4 major regions of brain

A

cerebrum
cerebellum
diencephalon
brainstem

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21
Q

largest portion brain

A

cerebrum

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22
Q
  1. largest portion brain
A

cerebellum

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23
Q

cerebrum functions

A

sensations
concious thoughts
intellect
memory
complex movements originated there

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24
Q

cerebrum made up by

A

cerebral hemispheres (right and left)
cerebral cortex
gyri
sulci
fisures

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25
Q

cerebral hemispheres

A

highly folded, covered by neurons, neurons covered by thin superficial layer of grey matter

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26
Q

grey matter

A

cerebral cortex

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27
Q

cerebral cortex

A

increase surface area through forming series of roundednelevations (gyri)

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28
Q

gyri separated by…

A

shallow grooves (sulci) or deeper grooves (fisures)

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29
Q

cerebellum partly hidden by

A

cerebral hemispheres

30
Q

cerebellum functions

A

adjusts outgoing movements by comparing arriving sensations (that allows to perform same movements over and over

31
Q

when cerebrum and cerebellum removed,…

A

other major anatomical regions examinated (f.ex. diencephalon)

32
Q

diencephalon composed of

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

33
Q

pons connect

A

cerebellum to brainstem

34
Q

collection CNS axons

A

tracts

35
Q

draw anaxonic

A
  1. pic
36
Q

draw Bipolar

A
  1. pic
37
Q

draw Unipolar

A
  1. pic
38
Q

draw Multipolar

A
  1. pic
39
Q

dendritic branches

A

releases neurotransmitter

40
Q

dendrites

A

highly branched
receives infos from other neurons

41
Q

cell body

A

large nucleous and nucleolus
mitochondria produces e

42
Q

axon

A

long
carries electric signal (ap) to target

43
Q

medulla oblongata

A

connects brain and spinal cord

44
Q

telencephalon

A

forms cerebrum

45
Q

diencephalon forms

A

thalamus

46
Q

ventricular system formed of 4 ventricles

A

2 lateral ventricles
third ventricle
fourth ventricle

47
Q

2 lateral ventricles … connected but both comunicate with… through…

A

…not…3.v…interventricular foramen

48
Q

what supports brain and surrounds eberything in CNS

A

cerebronspinal fluid

49
Q

what isolates CNS from general circulations

A

blood brin barrier

50
Q

pituitary gland

A

major endocrine gland

51
Q

… of brain are te spaces where …,…,… circulates

A

ventricles… cerebro, spinal, fluid

52
Q

3 coverings brain from cranial meninges

A

Pia mater (inside/deep), Dura mater (outside surface) and Arachnoid mater

53
Q

what produces CSF

A

Choorid plexus

54
Q

look at picture

A

nr 7

55
Q

look at picture

A

nr 8

56
Q

what is a seizure

A

temporal cerebral disorder

57
Q

seizure is accompanied by

A

changes in electrical activity

58
Q

seizure symptoms depend on

A

region of cortex affected

59
Q

temporal part of brain

A

hearing
language and reading

60
Q

occipital part brain

A

vision (shape and color)

61
Q

frontal part brain

A

personality
emotions
higher order thinking (cause and effect)
problem solving
movement (motor cortex)

62
Q

Parietal part of brain

A

all senses
attention
languge (tone)

63
Q

what releases neurotransmitter

A

telodendrion

64
Q

functional divisions of PNS (receptors and EFFECTORS of afferent division)

A

respond to efferent signal
cells and organs

65
Q

functional divisions of PNS (RECEPTORS and effectors of afferent division)

A

detect changes or respond to stimuli
neurons and specialized cells
complex sensory organs (e.g., eyes, ears)

66
Q

functional divisions of PNS is

A

efferent division

67
Q

functional divisions of PNS (somatic nervous system)

A

controls voluntary and involuntary (reflexes) muscle skeletal contractions

68
Q

autonomic nervous system functions

A

controls subconscious actions,
contractions of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
glansular secretions

69
Q

autonomic nervous system-> what has a stimulating effect?

A

Sympathetic division

70
Q

autonomic nervous system-> what has a relaxing effect?

A

Parasympathetic division

Anatomie (6 decks)

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