Nervous System (Anatomy)

Question 1

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 1

31 pairs

Question 2

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 2

12 pairs

Question 3

What does afferent mean?

Answer 3

Arrives in to CNS

Question 4

What does efferent mean?

Answer 4

Exits the CNS

Question 5

What structure separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 5

The longitudinal fissure.

Question 6

What are gyri and sulci?

Answer 6

Gyri = ridges
Sulci = grooves

Question 7

When does gyrification occurs and why is it important?

Answer 7

Occurs during embryological and neonatal development.

Important because extensive folding increases SA meaning brain and its nerves, connections, synapses etc can fit within the skull.

Question 8

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 8

Movement - coordination, integration, precision.

Question 9

What 3 areas make up the brainstem?

Answer 9

• midbrain
• pons
• medulla oblongata

Question 10

What are the functions of the brain stem?

Answer 10

• heart rate

- breathing

Question 11

What is coning?

Answer 11

When swelling of the brain presses down on the brainstem and forces it through the foramen magnum.

Question 12

What is the telencephalon?

Answer 12

The cerebrum

Question 13

What makes up the diencephalon?

Answer 13

The thalamus and hypothalamus.

Question 14

Telencephalon + diencephalon = ?

Answer 14

Forebrain

Question 15

What embryological structure is known as the midbrain?

Answer 15

Mesencephalon

Question 16

What embryological structure equates to the hindbrain?

Answer 16

Rhombencephalon

Question 17

What does the thalamus do?

Answer 17

Acts as a relay station of the sensory and motor system; regulates sleep, consciousness and level of awakeness.

Question 18

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 18

• regulates the endocrine system via the pituitary gland

- thermoregulation

Question 19

What are the functions of the frontal lobe?

Answer 19

Executive functions:

• long term memory
• speech
• movement
• personality

Question 20

What are the functions of the parietal lobe?

Answer 20

• sensory integration
• language interpretation
• spatial/visual perception

Question 21

What are the functions of the occipital lobe?

Answer 21

• vision (colour/light)

Question 22

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

Answer 22

• primary auditory cortex
• memory
• understanding language