Nervous System Flashcards
Dx criteria of Kawasaki disease?
Fever at least 5d + at least 4 of:
- conjunctivitis
- rash
- adenopathy
- strawberry tongue
- hand swelling/erythema
Features of a typical febrile fit?
Lasts <5 mins, generalized tonic-clonic, routable afterwards, assoc with fever (1st day)
Features of atypical/complex febrile fit?
Lasts >5 mins, occurs later in illness, focal seizure activity, multiple seizures in 1 day, decreased consciousness after
Management of 1st febrile fit?
Admit to hosp. Look for source of infection, reassure & educate parents.
What might trigger an absence seizure? What are the Sx?
Hyperventilation. Stare blankly into space, loss of awareness. Up to 50-100x day.
Typical prognosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?
Seizures often not well controlled. Lifelong Tx needed (Na val)
Mother often sees child’s mouth and face twitching at night. What is the likely Dx and findings on EEG?
Benign rolandic epilepsy - high amplitude spikes in centrotemporal region
Child started experiencing episodes of muscle spasms every few seconds at the age of 6m. He later appeared to be missing some social developmental milestones. Likely Dx?
Infantile spasms (West’s syndrome)
EEG of child suffering from daily seizures shows slow-spike waves with multiple abnormalities. Likely Dx?
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Most common cause of headaches in children?
Migraines
Which foods may precipitate a migraine?
Containing tyramine - e.g. cheese, red wine
How many attacks must you have had to Dx migraine without aura?
5 attacks lasting 1-48hr
Dx criteria for migraine with aura?
Headache 1-48h, at least 2 attacks, at least 3 of the info about aura list.
Tx to take at the start of a migraine?
Paracetamol & domperidone
LOC for how long after head injury warrants CT scan in <16y?
> 5 mins
