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PT612 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The CNS is

A

the brain

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2
Q

The PNS is

A

12 cranial nerves

dorsal and ventral root remain separate

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3
Q

3 types of cranial nerves

A

Ventral roots
Dorsal roots
Special Senory

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4
Q

Ventral Roots (4)

A

somatic MOTOR innervation to EYE & Tongue Muscles

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5
Q 
Dorsal Roots (5)
3 types of dorsal roots
A
  1. Somatic & visceral Sensory
  2. “somatic” motor to pharyngeal arch muscles
  3. visceral motor (parasympathetic) to smooth muscles & glands
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6
Q

Special Sensory Nerves (3)

A

Smell (I)
Vision (II)
Hearing (VIII)
Taste (VII, IX, X)

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7
Q

CNS is also

A

spinal cord

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8
Q

PNS is also

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves

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9
Q

spinal nerves are

A

dorsal & ventral roots that create Mixed spinal nerves

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10
Q

Ventral root of spinal nerve

A

somatic & visceral MOTOR

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11
Q

Dorsal root of spinal nerve

A

somatic & ventral SENSORY

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12
Q

CN Primitive Ventral Root (4) are strictly

A

MOTOR

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13
Q

Motor to eye by primitive ventral roots of CN

A

III, IV, VI

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14
Q

motor to tongue by primitive ventral roots of CN

A

XII

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15
Q

CN Primitive Dorsal Root (5) may include

A

motor to pharyngeal arches,

sensory & parasympathetic

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16
Q

Primitive Dorsal Root CN are

A

V, VII, IX, X, XI

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17
Q

Pharyngeal Arches is cartilage that forms

A

several small bones of the head region

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18
Q

pharyngeal arch muscles are much of the musculature in the

A

face, oral cavity, pharynx, & larynx

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19
Q

innervation to pharyngeal arch muscles

A

DORSAL ROOT CN

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20
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the head is the outflow from

A

spinal cord levels T1-L2

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21
Q

it travels the same pathway to

A

sympathetic trunk

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22
Q

it passes upwards, along trunk to synapse in the

A

cervical ganglion

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23
Q

postganglionic fibers travel back to

A

spinal nerves

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24
Q

or if traveling back to head

A

follow arteries

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25
Q

Parasympathetic to the head is outflow from

A

brain (Cranial Nerves) or S2-S4

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26
Q

for head or neck all from cranial nerves:

A

III, VII, IX, X

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27
Q

synapse in

A

parasympathetic ganglia (4 pairs) in the head

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28
Q

Special Sensory Nerves

A

I (smell)
II (Vision)
VIII (hearing)

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29
Q

Primitive Ventral Roots

A

III (extraocular mm)
IV (extraocular mm)
VI (extraocular mm)
XII (tongue mm)

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30
Q

Primitive Dorsal Roots

A 
V
VII
IX
X
XI
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31
Q

Olfactory I

A

Special Sensory: Smell

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32
Q

Optic II

A

Special Sensory: Sight

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33
Q

Oculomotor III

A

Primitive Ventral Root
motor Eye muscles
Parasympathetic

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34
Q

Trochlear IV

A

Primitive Ventral Root

motor Eye muscles

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35
Q

Trigeminal V

A

Primitive Dorsal Root General Sensory

motor to Arch 1 muscles

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36
Q

Abducent VI

A

Primitive Ventral Root

motor Eye muscles

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37
Q

Facial VII

A

Primitive Dorsal Root General Sensory
Special Sensory: Taste
Motor to Arch 2 muscles
Parasympathetic

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38
Q

Vestibulocochlear VIII

A

Special Sensory: Hearing/balance

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39
Q

Glossopharyngeal IX

A

Primitive Dorsal Root General Sensory
Special Sensory: Taste
Motor to Arch 3
parasympathetic

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40
Q

Vagus X

A

Primitive Dorsal Root General Sensory
Special Sensory: Taste
Motor to Arches 4-6
parasympathetic

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41
Q

Spinal Accessory XI

A

Primitive Dorsal Root

Motor to Trapezius and SCM

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42
Q

Hypoglossal XII

A

Primitive Ventral Root

Motor to Tongue

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43
Q

Trigeminal Nerve V Innervates:

A

Pharyngeal Arch 1

SENSORY Nerve to the face

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44
Q

V1 division

A

Ophthalmic (sensory)

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45
Q

V2 division

A

Maxillary (sensory)

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46
Q

V3 division

A

Mandibular (most sensory)

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47
Q

Mandibular has a small motor branch to

A

the 8 muscles in the head

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48
Q

Facial Nerve VII innervates

A

Pharyngeal Arch 2

ALL muscles of FACIAL EXPRESSION

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49
Q

Other sensory nerves include:

A

Greater Occipital
Lesser Occipital
Greater auricular

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50
Q

Greater Occipital cords

A

dorsal rami C2

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51
Q

Lesser Occipital cords

A

ventral rami C2

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52
Q

Greater Auricular cord

A

ventral rami C2-C3

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53
Q

Ophthalmic V1 gives off

A

Supraorbital n.
Supratrochlear n.
External Nasal n.
Lacrimal n.

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54
Q

Maxillary V2 gives off

A

Infraorbital n.
Zygomaticofacial n.
Zygomatiotemporal n.

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55
Q

Mandibular V3 gives oof

A

Mental n.
Buccal n.
Auriculotemporal n.

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56
Q

Trigeminal Nerve branches supply _______ to the face

A

general sensory

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57
Q

outer surface is

A

cutaenous

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58
Q

inner surfaces & contents of

A

orbit, nasal cavity, and oral (teetch and anterior 2/3 of tongue)

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59
Q

Mandibular V3 motor to

A 
4 mm of mastication 
anterior digastric
mylohyoid mm
tensor veli palatini
tensor tympani mm
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60
Q

Interior Regions of the Trigeminal N.

A

nasal cavities
oral cavity
Pharynx
Larynx

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61
Q

Motor Branches of Facial Nerve VII

A 
temporal n.
zygomatic n.
buccal n.
mandibular n.
cervical n.
posterior auricular n.
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62
Q

Motor Branches of Facial nerves exit cranial cavity by:

A

stylomastoid foramen

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63
Q

6 major branches pass through _______ and fan out to supply the muscle of FE

A

parotid gland

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64
Q

Bell’s Palsy may result from compression of _______ near the _________

A

Facial N.

stylomastoid foramen

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65
Q

Ansa Cervicalis is a

A

nerve loop formed from the branches of VENTRAL RAMI C1-C3

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66
Q

Ansa Cercivalis is a part of the

A

cervical plexus

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67
Q

Superior Root from _____ travels a short distance with ______

A

C1

Hypoglossal Nerve

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68
Q

Superior Root supplies

A

upper mm

geniohyoid and thyrohyoid

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69
Q

Inferior Root is from

A

C2-C3

70
Q

Inferior Root supplies

A

lower mm
Sternohyoid
Sternothryoid
omohyoid

71
Q

Greater Occipital cords and supply

A

C2

sensory to back of the skull

72
Q

Lesser Occipital cords and supply

A

C2

sensory to side of head

73
Q

Accessory N. cords and supply

A

XI

SCM and trap

74
Q

Greater Auricular cords and supply

A

C2-C3

sensory to inner ear

75
Q

Transverse Cervical cords and supply

A

C2-C3

sensory to upper neck

76
Q

Supraclavicular cords and supply

A

C3-C4

sensory to lower neck

77
Q

Phrenic nerve is located on the

A

anterior surface of the Anterior Scalene m.

78
Q

Cervical Sympathetic Trunk output from CNS from

A

T1-L2

79
Q

all sympathetics going to the head synapse in

A

cervical ganglion

80
Q

most synapse in the

A

Superior Cervical ganglion

81
Q

post synaptic neurons travel to the ______

to form the ______

A

carotid aa.

internal & external carotid plexuses

82
Q

Cervical sympathetic trunk supplis

A

glands of the head
smooth m in arteries
sweat glands
erector pili m.

83
Q

Cervical Plexus is the

A

ventral rami of C1-C4

dorsal rami C1-C2

84
Q

Ventral Rami C1 is

A

Superior Root of the Ansa Cervicalis

85
Q

Ventral Rami C2 is

A

Lesser Occipital n.

sensory to the side of the head and neck

86
Q

Ventral Rami C2-C3 is

A

Inferior Root of Ansa Cervicalis
Greater Occipital
Transverse Cervical

87
Q

C3-C4 isVentral Rami

A

Supraclavicular nn

88
Q

Ventral Rami C3-C5 is

A

Phrenic N.

89
Q

C1-C3 is

A

prevertebral mm

90
Q

Dorsal Rami C1

A

Suboccipital n

motor to suboccipital mm triangle

91
Q

Dorsal Rami C2

A

Greater occipital n.

sensory to back of head

92
Q

This Starts the CN section

A

This Starts the Cranial Nerves section

93
Q

OLFACTORY N. CN I

A

Special Sensory: SMELL

94
Q

(CN 1) primary neurons located in the

A

olfactory epithelium of superior nasal cavity

95
Q

(CN 1) nerves penetrate the ______ and travel to the _____

A

cribiform plate and travel to the olfactory bulb

96
Q

(CN 1) cell bodies of secondary sensory neurons are located in the

A

olfactory bulb

97
Q

olfactory tract conveys the nerve impulse from

A

olfactory bulb to the brain

98
Q

_______ &_______ are outgrowths of the brain

A

tract & bulb

99
Q

olfactory epithelium on in the superior par of the nasal cavity extending to the

A

superior nasal conchae & nasal septum

100
Q

injuries to the upper nasal cavity can result is

A

anosmia

the loss of smell on the affected side

101
Q

olfactory nerve fibers are smell

A

independent on each side

and tested on each side

102
Q

when smell is diminished things

A

taste less

103
Q

OPTIC N. CN II

A

Special Sensory: Vision

104
Q

Retina represents an

A

outgrowth of the brain into the eye

105
Q

receptor cells are

A

rods & cons

106
Q

rods & cons transmit impules via the

A

OPTIC NERVE

107
Q

Optic Nerve passes through the

A

optic canal to exit the orbit

108
Q

CN II passes through the optic canal to exit the orbit and enters the

A

middle cranial fossa

109
Q

fibers decussate in the _____ to form the _______

A

optic chiasma to form the optic tracts

110
Q

optic tracts convey fibers to

A

lateral geniculate body of the thalamus

111
Q

______ is necessary to judge depth of field or distance

A

binocular vision

112
Q

fiber from the ______ side cross at the optic chiasma

A

medial

113
Q

optic nerve contains fibers from

A

both visual fields from the same eye

114
Q

optic tract contains fibers from the

A

same visual field from both eyes

115
Q

damage to Optic nerve results in

A

unilateral blindess

116
Q

damage to the Optic chiasma results in

A

bilateral temporal field blindess

117
Q

damage to the optic track results in

A

left or right visual field blindness

118
Q

what 3 nerves enter the via the superior orbital fissure?

A

III
IV
VI

119
Q

Oculomotor is _____ and ______

A

motor

parasympathetic

120
Q

III is motor to:

A

5 extraocular muscles

121
Q

those 5 extra ocular muscles are

A 
superior 
medial 
inferior rectus
inferior oblique
levator palpebrea superioris
122
Q

III is parasympathetic to

A

sphincter of pupil

ciliary mm.

123
Q

III parasympathetics travel through_____ ganglion and to the sphincter of the pupil via _______

A

ciliary ganglion

short ciliary n.

124
Q

IV is motor to

A

superior oblique m

125
Q

VI is motor to

A

lateral rectus

126
Q

Trigeminal is ___________ to the face

A

general sensory

127
Q

trigeminal ganglion is locatd in the

A

middle cranial fossa

128
Q

V1 exits cranial fossa via ______ and associated ganglion

A

superior orbital fissure

ciliary gang

129
Q

V2 exits cranial fossa via ________ and enters the______ and associated gang

A

foramen rotundum
ptergopalatine fossa
pterygopalatine gang

130
Q

V3 exits cranial fossa via _____ enters the_______ and associated gang

A

foramen ovale
infratemporal fossa
submandibular gang

131
Q

Branches of Nerves that come off V1

A

frontal n.
nasociliary n.
lacrimal n.
anterior ethmoidal n.

132
Q

these branches go to the

A

orbit

133
Q

Branches of V2

A 
superior alveolar n.
infraorbital n.
nasopalatine n.
Greater palatine n.
Lesser palatine n.
134
Q

Branches of V3

A 
Inferior alveolar n.
lingual n.
buccal n.
auriculotemporal n.
mental n.
motor branch to 8 muscles
135
Q

Facial Nerve divides into _____ branches

A

3 major branches

136
Q

those three major branches are

A

Motor Branch
Greater Petrosal N.
Chorda Tympani N.

137
Q

Motor branch of Facial N. goes to

A

muscles of facial expression
Stapedis
Post. digastric
stylohyoid mm.

138
Q

Greater Petrosal N. is _______ to _______ gang

A

parasympathetic to

pterygopalatine gang via pterygoid canal

139
Q

Greater Petrosal is joined with _______ carrying _______ fibers from _______

A

Deep Petrosal N.
sympathetic fibers
from carotid plexus

140
Q

Together they make the

A

Nerve of the Pterygoid Canal

141
Q

Chorda Tympani N. joins with _______ and supplies _______ to the ________

A

Lingual N.

anterior 2/3 of the tongue

142
Q

it sends parasympathetics to the ________ gang and supplies the ________

A

submandiublar gang

supplies the submandibular and sublingual glands

143
Q

Vestibulocochlear N. is __________ for _____&_____

A

special sensory for hearing & equilibrium

144
Q

two branches of the Vesibulocochlear N. is

A

Cochlear N.

Vestibular N.

145
Q

Cochlear N. sends fibers to the _____ for ______

A

cochlea for hearing

146
Q

Vestbular N. sends fibers to the _________ for ________

A

semilunar canals for balance

147
Q

VIII exit the ________ by passing into the _______ along with ________

A

middle cranial fossa by passing into the internal acoustic meatus along with facial N.

148
Q

XI exit sthe cranial cavity via:

A

jugular forman

149
Q

XI is motor to

A

stylopharyngeus m

150
Q

XI is general sensory to the

A

pharynx, palatine tonsil, post 1/3 of tongue, auditory tube, middle ear & inner surface of the eardrum

151
Q

XI is special sensory to the

A

taste for posterior 1/3 tongue

152
Q

XI is also sensory for ______ via _______

A

blood pressure via carotid sinus

153
Q

XI is parasympathetic to the ______ via_______ & _______

A

parotid gland

via Lesser Petrosal N. and otic ganglion

154
Q

The jugular foramen contains the

A

internal jugular vein
CN IX
CN I
CN XI

155
Q

Vagus N. exits the cranial cavity via the

A

jugular foramen

156
Q

Vagus is joined with the _______ of ______

A

cranial root of the accessory N.

157
Q

Vagus is motor to

A

muscles of the soft palate
pharynx
larynx

158
Q

Vagus is sensory to

A

larynx & inferior pharynx

159
Q

Vagus is taste for

A

base of tongue
epiglottis
and soft palate

160
Q

Vagus is parasympathetic to

A

smooth muscle & glands in pharynx
larynx
thoracic and abdominal viscera

161
Q

Branches of the Vagus N.

A

Pharyngeal N.
Superior Laryngeal N.
Recurrent Laryngeal N.

162
Q

Pharyngeal N. is motor to

A

muscles of the soft palate

superior, middle, pharyngeal constrictors

163
Q

Superior Laryngeal N. gives of two branches

A

External Laryngeal N.

Internal Laryngeal N.

164
Q

External Laryngeal N. is motor to

A

cricothyroid m and upper part of inferior constrictor

165
Q

Internal Laryngeal N is sensory to

A

larynx above the vocal cords

166
Q

Recurrent Laryngeal N. is motor to

A

muscles of larynx and lower part of inferior constrictor

167
Q

Recurrent Laryngeal N. is sensory to

A

area above vocal cords

168
Q

accessory N. is motor to

A

traps and SCM

169
Q

XI is joined by sensory fibers from

A

C2-4

170
Q

Hypoglossal N. is motor to

A

extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles

PT612 (9 decks)

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