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General Physiology LAB > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

3 Meninges of the brain

A

Pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater

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2
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid flows in _____ spaces of the meninges and through central canal and ventricles (brain).

A

Subarachnoid spaces

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3
Q

Main function of CSF

A

Mechanical protection (Shock absorption), gives lubrication and buoyancy.

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4
Q

Secretes and produces CSF.

A

Choroid plexuses

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5
Q

2 major sets of arteries

A

Internal carotid arteries (anterior)
Vertebral arteries (posterior)

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6
Q

Colleterial circulation routes

A

Circle of Willis

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7
Q

Prevents transport of many substances through capillaries of brain tissue?

A

BBB

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8
Q

Composition of the BBB.

A
  • Tight junction between endothelial cells (reduce permeability to the brain)
  • Astrocytes (star shaped glial cells, provides structural support and regulate the passage of the molecules that passes through the barrier.) Interacts specifically with the endothelial cells.
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9
Q

Major parts of the brain

A
  1. Brain stem (basic bodily functions, fight or flight)
    - medulla oblongata
    - pons
    - midbrain
  2. Cerebellum (small brain, controlling our basic movements)
  3. Diencephalon (crucial functions related to the sensory processing, hormone regulation)
    - Thalamus
    - Hypothalamus
  4. Cerebrum (biggest part, responsible for high level thinking)
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10
Q

Components of the Brainstem

A
  • midbrain
  • pons
  • medulla oblongata
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11
Q

Superior to and continuous with the spinal cord.

A

Brainstem

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12
Q

What does medulla oblongata control?

A

(located below the pons, connects the spinal cord to the brain)

  • Cardiovascular center (heart rate, blood pressure)
  • Controls the respiratory center (breathing)
  • Sneezing , coughing, deglutition centers
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13
Q

Bulges that contain corticospinal (descending) tracts

A

Medulla oblongata

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14
Q

First contact point of your spinal cord as well as your brain

A

Medulla oblongata

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15
Q

“bridge”

A

pons

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16
Q

Connects various components of brain and spinal cord

A

Pons

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17
Q

Relay station for signals going between crebellum

A

Pontine nuclei

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18
Q

Functions of midbrain

A
  • conveys sensory and motor impulses
  • regulates auditory and visual reflexes
  • helps coordinate some muscular movements.
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19
Q

Also known as Mesencephalon

A

Midbrain

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20
Q

large bundles of nerve fibers located in your midbrain, and serves as a pathway

A

Cerebral peduncle

21
Q

Responsible for Visual and auditory processing

A

Superior colliculi and inferior colliculi

22
Q

Located between cerebrum and cerebellum

A

Diencephalon

23
Q

Houses the epithalamus (secretes melatonin), thalamus (protection of sensory data, touch, pain, temperature) hypothalamus (hormones and regulation of emotion)

A

Diencephalon

24
Q

Structure located at the back of our brains

A

Cerebellum

25
Q

Maintenance of our involuntary movements

A

Cerebellum

26
Q

More than half of our neurons are located where?

A

Cerebellum

27
Q

Maintenance of muscle tone, posture, and balance.

A

Cerebellum

28
Q

The right and left hemisphere is separated by what?

A

the Vermis

29
Q

“Seat of our intelligence”

A

Cerebrum

30
Q

The cerebrum is divided into ____

A

cerebral cortex
- white matter
- gray matter

31
Q

Bumps of the brain

A

Gyri

32
Q

Shallow grooves of the brain

A

Sulci or Sulcus

33
Q

Deep grooves of the brain

A

Fissures

34
Q

separates the hemispheres

A

Longitudinal fissures

35
Q

Responsible for higher cognitive processes, planning and decision making

A

Frontal lobe

36
Q

Sensory processing, spatial awareness, navigation skills and language processing

A

Parietal love

37
Q

Primary important in auditory processing, emotional responses

A

Temporal lobe

38
Q

Important for visual processing, storing visual memories

A

Occipital lobe

39
Q

Spoken and written language, numerical and scientific skills, organization of perceptions, “Brain chatter”

A

Left hemisphere brain

40
Q

Musical and artistic awareness, space and pattern perception, insight and imagination

A

Right hemisphere of brain

41
Q

group of structure located deep into the cerebral hemispheres

A

Basal nuclei

42
Q

Important parts of the basal nuclei

A
  • Caudate nucleus
  • Putamen
  • Globus pallidus
43
Q

Network of neuron, arousal, attention and sensory filtering

A

Reticular formation

43
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

Complex set of structure, primarily responsible for the regulation of emotions and other aspects of behavior.

44
Q

Regulates arousal and consciousness

A

Reticular activating system (RAS)

45
Q

Damage to the reticular activating system

A

insomnia or hypersomnia

46
Q
A
47
Q
A

General Physiology LAB (3 decks)

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