Nervous System Flashcards
Function of prefrontal cortex
Personality
Selfcontrol
Problem solving
Function of Broca’s area
Speaking and writing language
Function of Motor cortex
Cooperate with cerebellum so that we can carry out our voluntary movement
Function of somatosensory cortex
Process information from receptors on the skin so that we can generate complex movement sequences btw left side of brain receive signal from right of the body and vice versa
Thalamus is also called…
Gateway of consciousness
Thalamus is a part of what part
Part of diencephalon
Senses received by Thalamus
All senses (except olfactory) are processed and filtered by it before they reach the ipsilateral NEOcortex {Theneocortex, also called theneopallium,isocortex, or thesix-layered cortex, is a set of layers of themammaliancerebral cortexinvolved in higher-order brain functions such assensory perception, cognition, generation ofmotor commands,[1]spatial reasoningandlanguage.[2]The neocortex is further subdivided into thetrue isocortexand theproisocortex.[3]}
Corpus callosum
Exchange of information and coordination between two hemisphere
(e.g.So the left hand knows what the right hand is doing)
Hypothalamus control what
It controls automatic nervous system (e.g. regulate correct setting of body temperature and blood pressure. also controls thirst and hunger
Parts of limbic system
Hippo campus
Amigdala
Fornix with mammillary body in front
Location of limbic system
Deep into the cerebrum
Function of hippocampus
Memory formation
Function of amygdala
Store information about danger
What will happen if hippocampus is destroyed or removed
Person Will unable store new memories
Cerebellum
Is smaller than cerebrum but higher cellular density
Most important Nerve cell in cerebellum
Purkinje cell which can be regarded as most complex neuron in entire nervous system
Function of cerebrum
It is able to transform planned movement pattern of cerebrum into coordinated movement sequences and without is our harmonious movement like walking will not be possible
Pituitary is a Part of …
Diencephalon
Function of pituitary gland
Hormonal regulation of growth, metabolism, reproduction
Control of sleep wake cycle
By pineal gland also known as emphasis cerebri by secretion of melatonin hormone
Content of vertebral column
Fatty tissue
Connective tissue
Spinal cord
How does arachnid matter connect pia mater
Via arachnoid trabeculae
Content of spinal nerve
Blood vessels
Nerve fascicles
(A nerve fascicle is a bundle of nerve fibers belonging to a nerve in the peripheral nervous system.[1] A nerve fascicle is also called a fasciculus,[2] as is a nerve tract in the central nervous system.)
Enclosing connective tissues of spinal nerve
From within outwards
1.Nerve fibers are endless by endoneurium ( Swann cells are located under this protected later. These cells increase conduction speedb with hello of regular interruptions called nodes of Ranvier
2. Fascicles are enclosed by perineurium
3. Never thunk stroma and covering is epineurium
Presynaptic terminal knobs
They are located at the end of axons. They contain calcium channels which open via electrical impulse and allow calcium ions to follow in. There are approximately 200-500 neurotransmitters containing vesicles within terminally knobs. Calcium ions enable this vesicle to fuse with membrane causing exocytosis of neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters are absorbed by receptors located at post synaptic membrane of dendrites which convert the neurotransmitter back into electrical impulse.
Terminal buttons can also transmit impulses directly on cells,muscles, another axons or terminal button
Postsynaptic spines
They are part of the dendrites for receiving signal from another nerve cells.The spines can be of many forms including stubby and thin.
Dorsal root ganglion
Contain cell bodies of sensory neuron which are pseudounipolar(axon is divided into two branches, one at periphery and other at CNS
Orders of neuron for sensation via spinal cord
First order: sensory neuron via axon from periphery to another neuron in spinal cord
Second order: neuron in spinal cord transmitting implied to brain
Third order: another neuron from here to the somatosensory cortex
The impulse is then processed.
Receptors in skin
Superficial in epidermis
1. Meissner’s corpuscles: pressure
2. Merkel cell: pressure
Deep in dermis
1. Ruffini corpuscles: stretch
Function of brainstem
Comprising of-
midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
Controlling-
Breathing
Circulation
Digestion
Routing and filtering information
Function of cerebellum
Balancing
Coordinator
Motor memory(remembering riding a bicycle)
Function of cerebellum
Balancing
Coordinator
Motor memory(remembering riding a bicycle)
Function of Thalamus
Sorting data
Function of hypothalamus
Homeostasis of temperature, osmolarity, circadian rhythm
Function of cerebrum
Making a sender of information
Lateralization of the brain
(e g. LEFT: meaning right handed) is dominant in some functions like mathematical reasoning, logic, facial recognition, things we put on the right side etc. But these are plastic meaning we can do these with the counterpart too
Function of basal ganglia
It is collecting of several nuclei
Exciting and inhibitory control between neurons,Motor control
Dysfunction of this area Mary cause Parkinsons disease
Function of frontal cortex
Kinda like exercise function or boss of the brain, emotionally controls
Function of partial lobe
Our dealing or reacting with situation and environment
Function of temporal lobe
Language hearing memory
Somatosensory cortex
Anterior part of parietal lobe
Sensory information coming from various parts of body
Motor cortex
Posterior part of frontal lobe
Integration of incoming information to somatosensory cortex and deciding what to do with it and if needed, act accordingly
