Nervous system Flashcards
What signal travels in pulse along nerve cells?
Electrochemical signal
What does the electrochemical signal called?
Nerve impulses/ action potential
Duration of nerve impulses
short-lived
List the type of nerves in corresponding order
sensory neuron
interneuron
motor neuron
What does sensory neuron do?
Sensory neurons detect signals from the stimulus and sensory receptor which trigger nerve impulse, then carry the information to the central nervous system
What do interneurons do and where are they located in?
Interneurons are located in CNS. They receive the signal from sensory neurons and convey them to motor neurons
What does motor neurons do?
Motor neurons receive signals from interneurons and carry signal from the CNS to the effectors
The nervous system includes the Central Nervous System comprising the?
The brain and spinal cord
The nervous system is composed of which 2 systems?
Central Nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The Peripheral Nervous System consisting?
Consist of he nerves outside the CNS
Within the PNS, what system is there that are voluntary nervous system?
Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
What does Autonomic Nervous system (ANS) do?
regulate all the automatic function, such as breathing and heart rate
What is excitatory and inhibitory?
They are neurotransmitters
Which neurotransmitters stimulate the next neuron in the pathway?
excitatory
which neurotransmitters block the nerve impulse from continuing?
inhibitory
give one example of excitatory
dopamine
give one example of inhibitory
glycine
what is a stimulus?
Stimulus detected by a sensory receptor and the receptor conveys the message through to the CNS through a sensory neuron.
The interneurons in the CNS trigger a response by activating an effector by sending nerve impulses along a motor neuron.
The effector removes the stimulus that negates the stimulus.
what is the benefit of reflex response?
fast. it provides a rapid response to a stimulus
Give example of reflex response
knee jerk
pupil contraction
muscle contraction
How are synapses formed? (what part binds with what part of the neuron)
the axon from another neuron binds with the dendrite from another neuron
what is neurotransmitter?
it is a chemical messager released at a synapse. the release is stimulated by electrcical signal.
It releases from one axon terminal through exocytosis and diffuse across the space where they bind to the receptor on the receiving membrane.
This activates the ion channel which trigger an electrical impulse in the next neuron.
Neurotransmitters broken down and de-activated by enzyme
Is the presynaptic cell in the axon or dendrite?
axon
Is the postsynaptic cell in the axon or dendrite?
dendrite
Describe where is the neurotransmitter and the synapse placed.
Neurotransmitter - in the synapse between the axon and dendrite.
Synapse - it is a gap for neurotransmitters to move across from axon to dendrite and bind to the receptor.
