nervous system

Question 1

functions of nervous sys.

Answer 1

-responses to external/internal enviroment
-maintain homeostasis(tg with endocrine)

Question 2

neuron

Answer 2

a nerve cell=communicates with other cells via specialized connections called synapses

Question 3

neurotransmitters

Answer 3

-at most synapses
-chemical messengers

Question 4

poytsynaptic cell

Answer 4

-the neuron,muscle or gland cell that recieves the signalg

Question 5

glial cells=glia

Answer 5

supporting cells

Question 6

sensory neuron

Answer 6

-transmit info about external(light,touch) or internal conditions(muscle tension, blood p.)

Question 7

interneurons

Answer 7

responsible for analysis and interpretation of sensory input

Question 8

motor neurons

Answer 8

-transmit signals to muscle cells,causing them to contract
-,additional neurons that extend out of the processing centers

Question 9

presynaptic

Answer 9

transmitting neuron

Question 10

properties of neuron

Answer 10

irritability -can be stimulated to make impulse
conductivity(dráždivosť)-able to transfer an impulse along the full length of their axons then on other muscles,neurons,glands

Question 11

sponges

Answer 11

no true NS

Question 12

diffuse nerve net

Answer 12

-cnidaria
-interconnected neurons control the expansion and contraction of gastrovascular activity

Question 13

more complex animals

Answer 13

forming of nerves

Question 14

bilateral symmetry

Answer 14

-key point in the evolution in NS
-cephalization(focus of the NS at the head end)
-centralization(the presnce of CNS from PNS)

Question 15

CNS in vertebrates

Answer 15

-the brain,spinal cord
-brain combines gained info and coordinates all the activity of the body of bilateral animals(except jellyfish ,sponge)

Question 16

spinal cord

Answer 16

-center canal filled with cerebrospinal fluid
-grey matter (butterfly )inside
-white matter outside

Question 17

function of a spinal cord

Answer 17

-major reflex centre
-in charge of autonomos functions(sweating etc)

Question 18

brain 5 parts

Answer 18

-medulla oblongata
-hindbrain(pons and cerebellum)
-diencephalon-thalamus,hypothalamus
-midbrain
-forebrain

Question 19

medulla oblongata function

Answer 19

-contains the cardiac ,respiratory snd vasomotor(bp) cdenter
-responsible for autonomic involuntary actions
-in lower vertebrates(coordiination of movement

Question 20

2 parts of hindbrain

Answer 20

-pons-connects the midbrain to medulla oblongata,controls bresthing
-cerebellum:
-learning and remembering motor response
-motor control and coordination
-conveys signal to cerebretal cortex

Question 21

midbrain

Answer 21

-short
fish,amphibians:control of movement
mammals:centre of visual and auditory reflexes
keeping head in a good position ,FIGHT OR FLIGHT

Question 22

Diencephalon thalamus

Answer 22

-thalamus-gateway to consciousness

-R,M,B:visuail ,auditorxy,sensory and painful stimuli,responsible for emotions
-F,A:most important part of the brain

Question 23

funcitons of diencephalon hypothalamus

Answer 23

-homeostatic control centre
-controls bodx temperature
-bio clocl(cirkadianny)
-controls pituitary gland

Question 24

forebrain

Answer 24

-the most developed part
-2 hemispheres divided by longitidual fissure,protected by cerebratal cortex

Question 25

forebrain functions

Answer 25

fronter part responsible for motoric functions ,posterior partb for sensory functions
-MAJOR role in memory ,learning,speechn and emotion
-formulates complex behavioral responses