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nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

Complete the following sentence: The cells that conduct messages towards the brain are…

motor neurones

sensory neurones

neuroglia

Schwann cells

interneurones

A

sensory neurones

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2
Q

Complete the following sentence: The most common neurotransmitter at the somatic neuromuscular junction is…

glutamate

dopamine

noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

serotonin

acetylcholine

A

acetylcholine

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3
Q

Complete the following sentence: The gaps between myelinated segments of an axon are called…

synapses

axon hillocks

white matter sections

nodes of Ranvier

gap junctions

A

nodes of Ranvier

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4
Q

Complete the following sentence: Cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the…

olfactory centre

choroid plexus

thalamus

prefrontal cortex

dural sinus

A

choroid plexus

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Damage to the spinal cord can easily be repaired

The white matter of the spinal cord lies within the grey matter

The spinal cord forms an essential component of many reflex arcs

Sensory information enters the spinal cord via the ventral root

The spinal cord is part of the peripheral nervous system

A

The spinal cord forms an essential component of many reflex arcs

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6
Q

Complete the following sentence: Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system results in…

a decrease in peripheral resistance

tachycardia

bronchoconstriction

narrowing of the pupils

an increase in peristalsis of gastrointestinal tract

A

tachycardia

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7
Q

A nerve impulse travels along a myelinated fibre more quickly than along an unmyelinated fibre. This rapid progression is called…

hyperconduction

diffusion

Ion beaming

saltatory conduction

repolarization

A

saltatory conduction

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8
Q

Which of the following are proprioceptors?

Central chemoreceptors

Nociceptors in the skin

Hair cells of the cochlea

Stretch receptors of the bladder

Receptors in the semicircular canals of the ear

A

Receptors in the semicircular canals of the ear

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9
Q

Complete the following sentence: Memory, emotional response, conscious and voluntary movements are all functions of the…

cerebral cortex

premotor area

amygdala

parietal lobe

cerebellum

A

cerebral cortex

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10
Q

Complete the following sentence: Sensory information enters the spinal cord via the…

basal ganglia.

central canal.

ventral horn.

dorsal root.

interneuron.

A

dorsal root.

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10
Q

Complete the following sentence: Sensory information enters the spinal cord via the…

basal ganglia.

central canal.

ventral horn.

dorsal root.

interneuron.

A

dorsal root.

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11
Q

Which of the following are released from the terminal branches of the pre-synaptic neurone?

Electrolytes

Neurotransmitters

ATP

Histamine

Prostaglandins

A

Neurotransmitters

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12
Q

Where is the nucleus of the nerve located?

Nodes of Ranvier

Axon terminals

Myelin sheath

Cell body

Dendrites

A

Cell body

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13
Q

Complete the following sentence: The gaps along the myelin sheath are called…

membrane channels.

terminal branches.

dendrites.

nodes of Ranvier.

synapses.

A

nodes of Ranvier.

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14
Q

Which of the following areas of the brain control respiration rate?

Limbic system

Pituitary gland

Primary motor area

Brain stem

Cerebellum

A

Brain stem

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15
Q

Complete the following sentence: The function of Schwann cells is to…

produce cerebrospinal fluid.

store neurotransmitter.

open ligand-gated ion channels in the synaptic cleft.

form the myelin sheath of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

regulate movement at the blood-brain barrier.

A

form the myelin sheath of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

16
Q

Which of the following is a major function of the cerebellum?

Speech

Hearing

Memory processing

Balance

Vision

A

Balance

17
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

The spinal cord is part of the peripheral nervous system.

Sensory information enters the spinal cord via the ventral root

The highly vascular, innermost layer of the meninges is the arachnoid mater

The outer layer of the spinal cord produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

A

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

18
Q

Complete the following sentence: Cerebrospinal fluid is produced in the…

prefrontal cortex

olfactory centre

thalamus

dural sinus

choroid plexus

A

choroid plexus

19
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The medulla oblongata detects osmolarity and releases cortisol

Folds in the brain are called rugae

The accessory nerve relays sensory information to the stomach

The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from anterior and posterior pituitary gland

The meninges are formed from oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

A

The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from anterior and posterior pituitary gland

19
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The medulla oblongata detects osmolarity and releases cortisol

Folds in the brain are called rugae

The accessory nerve relays sensory information to the stomach

The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from anterior and posterior pituitary gland

The meninges are formed from oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

A

The hypothalamus regulates the release of hormones from anterior and posterior pituitary gland

20
Q

Complete the following sentence: The term ‘saltatory conduction’ refers to the…

movement of sodium ions within the cell body.

conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon.

opening of ligand gated channels.

diffusion of neurotransmitters across the synapse.

action of the sodium-potassium pump.

A

conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon.

20
Q

Complete the following sentence: The term ‘saltatory conduction’ refers to the…

movement of sodium ions within the cell body.

conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon.

opening of ligand gated channels.

diffusion of neurotransmitters across the synapse.

action of the sodium-potassium pump.

A

conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon.

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