Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HISTO LEC > NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet

A

Dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Venus has a beautiful name but is hot

A

Cell Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Earth is the third planet from the sun

A

Axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neptune is the farthest planet from the sun

A

Axon terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Despite being red, Mard is a cold place

A

Node of Ranvier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pluto is considered a dwarf planet

A

Schwann cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ceres is located in the main asteroid belt

A

Myelin sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Conduct impulses towards CNS

A

Afferent/Sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Conduct impulses away from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector

A

Efferent/Motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Located between sensory and motor neurons

A

Internuncial/Interneurons/central/intercalated neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4 microns in diameter

A

Dwarf neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Betz cells in motor cortex (cell body is 1mm, long axon CST). Paired Mauthner neurons in the medulla oblangata (escape reflex)

A

Giant neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Also called Pachymeninx. It is Avascular, epidural space (contains a plexus of thin-walled veins and areolar connective tissue), dense, fibroelastic connective tissue which is continuous with the periosteum of the skull, and Reflection/folds give rise to venous sinuses (transverse/ sagittal/ cavernous)

A

Meninges Dura Mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Made up of loose CT, lined by squamous epithelium and responsible for reabsorbing CSF back to venous blood sinus circulation.

A

Arachnoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Highly vascular innermost layer and made up of mesenchymal cell

A

Pia Mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pia mater + glial layer

A

Physical barrier (separates the CNS tissue from CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Arachnoid + Pia mater

A

Leptomeninx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Abundant neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, initial unmyelinated portions of axons, astrocytes, and neuroglial cells. Occupies the thick surface of cortex of both cerebrum and cerebellum

A

Gray mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Efferent puramidal neurons-most conspicuous and it is tge integration of sensory information and initiation of voluntary motor responses

A

Cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Also called plexiform layer. Overlying it is a delicate connective tissue in the brain called pia matter

A

Molecular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contains numerous neuroglial cells and largest pyramidal cells (especially in the motor area-Betz cells are found)

A

Internal pyramidal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Consists of intermixed cells of raging shapes (spindle-shaped) and sizes (fusiform, granules, stellate, cells of martinotti)

A

Multiform layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Small astrocytes and blood vessels (venule and capillary)

A

Neuroglial cells (cortex)

26
Q

Located at the Dorsum of the brainstem at the pons and is connected via cerebellar peduncles. It consists of convoluted folds called the cerebellar folium and this is separated by Sulci. It covered pia mater and maintains posture and equilibrium. Coordinates muscular activity.

A

Cerebellum

27
Q

Pyriform or pyramidal in shape with ramified dendrites that extend into the molecular layer. It is the center or middle

A

Purkinje cells

28
Q

Inner granular; with numerous small neurons that exhibit intensely stained nuclei

A

Granular Layer

29
Q

Nerve fibers that are formed in granular layer

A

Mossy fibers

30
Q

Nerve fibers make synapses in all the layers

A

Climbing fibers

31
Q

It is the oldest part of cerebellum and first to appear in aquatic vertebrates. It comprises of flocculonudular lobe and lingula and has mainly vestibular connections.

A

Archicerebellum (vestibular cerebellum)

32
Q

It appears next in terrestrial vertebrates with the appearance of limbs. It includes arterior lobe except lingula and pyramid and uvula.

A

Paleocerebellum (spinal cerebellum)

33
Q

It is the most recent part of cerebellum to develop.

A

Neocerebellum (cerebral cerebellum)

34
Q

What are the 3 central trunk of the mammalian brain

A

-Mid brain
-Pons
-Medulla oblangata

35
Q

It connects pons and cerebellum to diencephalon. Shortest and uppermost part of brainstem

A

Midbrain

36
Q

Middle part of brainstem (between medulla and midbrain)

A

Pons

37
Q

Expanded part of pons ventrally connecting cerebrum and cerebellum via middle cerebellar peduncle

A

Basis Pontis

38
Q

3 Parts of basis pontis

A
  1. Pontine nuclei (motor)
  2. Transverse pontine fibers
  3. Descending longitudinal fibers (pyramid) and facial nuclei
39
Q

Upwards continuation of medulla posterior of pons and along the mid line lies the Raphae nuclei

A

Pontine tegmentum

40
Q

Lower most part of brainstem and it is between pons and spinal cord at foramen magnum. Connected to cerebellum by inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

Medulla oblangata

41
Q

Grey mater makes up the nuclei, mostly nuclei of origin and nuclei of termination of the cranial nerves

A

No cortex but with grey mater

42
Q

Found in midbrain, involved in motor coordination, and pale pink/red due to iron which may be present in two forms, hemoglobin and ferritin

A

Red nucleus

43
Q

Basal ganglia structure

A

Substantia nigra

44
Q

Neuromelanin in dopaminergic neurons

A

Black substance

45
Q

Arranged roughly in letter “H”. Consist of long slender posterior horns and short thick ventral horns joined by horizontal gray commissure

A

Inner (central) gray mater

46
Q

There is no nerve cell bodies, arranged in ascending and descending nerve fiber tracts, supporting cells and their processes

A

Outer (peripheral) White mater

47
Q

Collection of neuronal processes surrounded connective tissues. Consist of an axon and sheaths ectodermal origin whether in the CNS or PNS.

A

Nerve fibers

48
Q

Thin fibrous sheath surrounding the sheath of Henle.

A

Endoneurium

49
Q

A collection of nerve fibers from nerve fascicles which is covered by?

A

Perineurium

50
Q

Large fibers that conduct at 15 to 100 meters/seconds (motor and sensory fibers)

A

Group A fibers

51
Q

Conduct impulses at 3 to 14 m/sec (mainly visceral sensory fibers)

A

Group B fibers

52
Q

Small, unmyelinated fibers conducting at 0.5 to 2m/sec (autonomic and some sensory fibers)

A

Group C fibers

53
Q

In the brain and spinal cords spinothalamic tract and spinocerebellar tract

A

Afferent (incoming) pathway

54
Q

In the brain and spinal cords cortico-bulbar and cortico-spinal tract

A

Efferent (outgoing) pathway

55
Q

Stimulation leads to the liberation of the substance NE

A

Sympathetic or adregenergic nerves

56
Q

Stimulation leads to liberation of a substance Ach

A

Parasympathetic or Cholinergic nerves

57
Q

for touch found in fingertips, lips, palms, soles, nipple and conjunctiva

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

58
Q

for heat sensation found in subcutaneous tissue finger tips and joint capsule

A

Ruffini’s end organ

59
Q

Sensory organs found in the conjunctiva and external genitalia

A

End bulb of Krause

60
Q

Mediate deep pressure and found hand, foot, palms, soles, peritoneum, pieura, mesenteries, penis, clitoris, urethra, nipple, breast and pancreas

A

Pacinian Corpuscle

61
Q

For deep pressure

A

Golgi Mazzoni

62
Q

Made up several fasciculi as bundles of nerve fibers covered by dense CT (epineurium) then gives off septa. Perineurium surrounds the bigger bundles of nerve fibers, then sends finer septa.

A

Nerve Trunk

HISTO LEC (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions