Nervous System

Question 1

What is the main function of the Nervous System?

Answer 1

It is considered as a control system.

Question 2

What muscles does the NS control?

Answer 2

Skeletal Muscles

Question 3

What muscles does the NS govern?

Answer 3

Smooth & Cardiac Muscles

Question 4

What is the major evolutionary change that occurred which led to the NS we have today?

Answer 4

Cephalization wherein the anterior end was formed and senses were developed. It created the voluminousity of the processing unit which is the brain.

Question 5

How does the NS of animals look like?

Answer 5

Network of net-like structures

Question 6

What does the bulging or lobing mean on the anterior end?

Answer 6

There are higher concentrations of neurons in that area which are the body/soma of the neuron

Question 7

What are the 2 regions of the NS?

Answer 7

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Question 8

In the histological level, how does the NS appear?

Answer 8

It is a single unified system

Question 9

What is the general function of the NS?

Answer 9

It produces movement and orients the organism related to environment which results them to make a response

Question 10

What does the CNS detect and what does it do as part of the general function?

Answer 10

It detects the stimuli and processes the information for it to be meaningful

Question 11

How does the body detect stimuli and what are some examples of it?

Answer 11

It is detected through energy such as light, heat, mechanical energy

Question 12

What detects the stimuli and where are they found?

Answer 12

Receptors detect the stimuli and they may be found internally, externally or embedded in different tissues

Question 13

What is the general function of the spinal cord?

Answer 13

For integration or processing

Question 14

What are the two categories of the cells of the Nervous System?

Answer 14

Neurons and Supporting Cells

Question 15

What does the neuron contain?

Answer 15

Body/soma and nerve fibers/processes

Question 16

What does the soma contain?

Answer 16

Nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 17

What is a nerve fiber/process?

Answer 17

It contains the structures that emanate from the body of the neuron

Question 18

What is a dendrite?

Answer 18

It is the smaller and thinner processes that receive all information/processes

Question 19

What is an axon?

Answer 19

It is the longer structure that is considered as the ‘tail of the neuron’ which carry the signals that move away from the neuron.

Question 20

What are the supporting cells of the NS?

Answer 20

Astocyte, Microglial Cells, Ependimal Cells, Oligodendrocyte and Schwann Cells

Question 21

What is the function of the Astocyte?

Answer 21

Nourishment, support, insulation

Question 22

What is the function of the Microglial Cells?

Answer 22

Scavengers (such as scavenging for bacteria)

Question 23

What is the other term of the Ependimal Cells and what is its function?

Answer 23

Neuroglial/glial cells, lines the neural canal and ventricle of brain

Question 24

What are the cells that insulate the axon?

Answer 24

Oligodendrocyte and Schwann Cells

Question 25

What is the difference and similarity of Oligodendrocyte and Schwann Cells?

Answer 25

Difference: Schwann cells are found in the PNS while Oligodendrocyte are found in the CNS (along the nerve tract)
Similarity: they are myelinated (contain myelin sheath)

Question 26

What do you call the neurons and axons found in the CNS and where are they found?

Answer 26

Neuron - Nucleus; the body of neuron

Axon - Tract; along spinal cord or within brain

Question 27

What do you call the neurons and axons found in the PNS and where are they found?

Answer 27

Neuron - Ganglion
Axon - Nerve

Both are found outside brain & spinal cord

Question 27

What are the nerves found in the PNS?

Answer 27

Cranial nerves & spinal nerves

Question 28

What is the exception of some Neurons in the CNS?

Answer 28

Their nuclei may be found in the CNS but their axons may be in the PNS