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Health Science > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

Helps all parts of the body communicate with each other (actions, thoughts, emotions)

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2
Q

Describe how an axon functions to help transfer impulses

A

Long fiber that carries impulses away from cells to other neurons/dendrites or organs/muscles

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3
Q

What are motor neurons and how do they respond to an impulse?

A

Receives messages from interneuron, causes a response in muscle/gland/organ/tissue

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4
Q

The peripheral nervous system is very important. Describe it’s function.

A

Brings information from environment to CNS. Sends response to organ/muscle/gland to keep body functioning and safe

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5
Q

Discuss what tolerance to alcohol/drugs means

A

After drug is used repeatedly, body gets less effected which leads to taking more for effects to happen.

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6
Q

What are electrolytes? List some examples of the ions used in the NS

A

Essential Minerals. Sodium(Na+1) Potassium (K+1)
Chlorine (Cl-1) Calcium (Ca+2) Magnesium (Mg+1)
Must get from food

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7
Q

What is the difference between passing out and blacking out while using alcohol?

A

Blackout= Person is awake but brain isn’t creating new memories
Passing out=Losing consciousness and not able to wake up

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8
Q

What role do sensory Neurons play in the nervous system

A

Detect change in environment. Brings them in so we can respond (action)

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9
Q

Describe why an impulse is best describes as a chemical electrical signal

A

Involves change in electrical potential that moves along nerve cell

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10
Q

Define what a neuron is

A

Information Messengers. Basic unit of NS. Nerve cell.

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11
Q

Discuss the function of dendrites in a neuron

A

(Root-like) receives impulses, sends them to cell body

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12
Q

What does the call body of a neuron do with the impulse

A

Directs impulses to be converted into electrical impulses

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13
Q

What are interneurons and where are they found?

A

Receive impulses from sensory Neurons and send message to appropriate muscle/gland/organ/tissue.
Found in brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A

Chemicals that lead messages from neuron to neuron. In form of electrolytes.

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15
Q

The pons serves what purpose to the brainstorm?

A

(bridge) links cerebrum to cerbellum and left+right sides

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16
Q

What are the functions of the medulla in the brainstorm?

A

Controls breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, swallowing

17
Q

What is the synapse

A

Space between axon and dendrites

18
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid, bone, and membranes serve what function in the CNS?

A

To protect the CNS

19
Q

What are the 2 structures of the CNS?

A

Spinal cord and brain

20
Q

What does the spinal cord do?

A

Receives messages from sensory Neurons

21
Q

Somatic Division of the PNS

A

You have control. Skelatal muscles can train muscles memory. Reflex responses

22
Q

Autonomic Divisions of the PNS

A

Functions automatically (heartbeat, digestion, breathing, kidneys)

23
Q

Sympathetic Systems

A

Survival Mode. Fight or Flight. Stimulates organs and makes heartbeat, BP, breathing, and adrenaline go up. Stops digestion and saliva. Leads to disease. (High BP, heart disease, anxiety, depression, obesity, nervousness)

24
Q

Parasympathetic System

A

Calm, relaxed, organs function smoothly, want to have this on as much as possible

25
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest. Controls bodily functions, emotions, imagination, senses, motor neurons, and learning

26
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates muscles, balance, and walking

27
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Relay impulses. Sleep, digestion, temp, hormones, works with the pituitary gland (puberty and growth)

28
Q

BAC 0.01-0.04 (1-2 drinks)

A

Relaxed, fine motor decreases, lowering of inhibitions

29
Q

BAC 0.05-0.08 (3-4 drinks)

A

Reduction in reaction time, judgement impaired

30
Q

BAC 0.09-0.15 (5-7 drinks)

A

Senses altered, you feel less pain, vision blurred, bad balance

31
Q

BAC 0.16-0.30 (8-12 drinks)

A

Temperature (circulation/breathing) impaired, unconsciousness or blackout

32
Q

Myelin

A

Sheath or covering around axon that moves impulses faster

33
Q

2 Divisions of the peripheral nervous system

A

SENSORY DIVISION-Controls senses and their messages to/from CNS
MOTOR DIVISION-controls muscles/glands/chemicals in body

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