Nerves and vessels Flashcards
What muscles does the obturator nerve supply?
Gracilis, Adductor, Pectineus (GAP), external obturator
What action is compromised if the obturator nerve is injured? What does the leg do?
Adduction of the limb because all muscles of the GAP have been compromised; the leg will slide outwards when bearing weight.
What sensation is lost when the obturator nerve is injured?
None, the obturator is only responsible for motor innervation.
What muscles does the femoral nerve supply?
Sartorius, iliopsoas, quadriceps (HINT: it’s a SIQ/sick muscle because when damaged the animal is unable to bear weight due to inability to extend stifle)
Is any sensory innervation lost when the femoral nerve is injured?
Yes, everything sensory to saphenous nerve (medial thigh, crus, pes)
Which muscle does the saphenous nerve supply? If the nerve was damaged, could the animal bear weight?
Sartorius; the animal would be able to bear weight because the action of the sartorius (flex hip, flex/extend stifle) would not be completely compromised
Is any sensory innervation supplied by the saphenous nerve?
Yes, sensory to medial thigh, crus, and pes
If the pudendal nerve were damage, what clinical signs would you expect to see?
Incontinence (inability to control urination or defecation), no anal tone (a big ol’ mess)
What sensory areas do the lateral and caudal cutaneous femoral nerves supply?
The area of proximal cranial thigh and the proximal caudal thigh respectively.
True or false: The caudal gluteal nerve supplies the superficial gluteal muscle.
True- the caudal gluteal nerve is the sole innervator of the superficial gluteal muscle.
What nerve supplies the middle and deep gluteal muscles?
The cranial gluteal nerve; if damaged, one would expect decreased ability to rotate medially and abduct the limb.
What two bony prominences does the sciatic nerve pass between?
The tuber ischii and the greater trochanter; this makes the sciatic nerve prone to damage in the event of a hip luxation.
What muscles (there are lots) does the sciatic nerve supply?
Internal obturator gamelli quadratus femoris m. biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus
A hip luxation has inevitably occurred in your german shepherd, what should you expect to see if Randall’s sciatic nerve has been damaged?
Complete anesthesia (lost sensory innervation) below the stifle except on the medial side where the saphenous nerve innervates; weight bearing, but only because the femoral nerve is capable of fixing Randall’s weight, he will not be able to flex his stifle
The sciatic nerve branches into two nerves cranially and caudally, what are they?
The Common peroneal nerve (the Cranial branch) and the tibial nerve (the caudal branch)
What muscles does the common peronal/fibular nerve supply?
The long digital extensor, the peroneus longus, and the cranial tibial muscles (flex hock, extend digits)
True or false: Damage to the common peroneal nerve would not prevent the animal from bearing weight.
False, the animal would possess an over-extended hock and over-flexed digits that would result in “knuckling over” and an inability to bear weight.
Sensation to the dorsolateral aspect of the pelvic limb all the way down to the dorsal paw is supplied by which nerve?
The common peroneal nerve
True or false: the common peroneal nerve does not have branches.
False, the common peroneal splits into superficial and deep peroneal nerves, each of which supplies cutaneous innervation to the dorsal paw.
…… It also has a lateral cutaneous sural branch that supplies cutaneous inneration to the lateral crus and its dorsal digital nerves (but we really don’t give a crap about those two)
This nerve is located between the medial and lateral head of the gastrocnemius.
The tibial nerve
What muscles does the tibial nerve supply?
The gastrocnemius, SDF, DDF, popliteus (extend hock, flex digits)
What action is compromised if the tibial nerve is damaged at the level of the calcanean tendon? Would the animal be capable of bearing weight?
No, unable to extend hock (i.e. permanently flexed) and the digits would be overextended
What sensation would be lost if the tibial nerve were damaged?
All sensation at the plantar surface of the paw would be damaged.
Which artery does the deep peroneal nerve run in close association with?
The cranial tibial artery
