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Pain > Nerves > Flashcards

Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is the activation of neural pathways by stimuli that damage or threaten to damage tissues?

A

nociception

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2
Q

what is a potentially damaging stimulus?

A

noxious stimulus

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3
Q

what is a stimulus that activates nociceptive pathways?

A

nociceptive stimulus

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4
Q

what is the physiological mechanism for pain sensation?

A

nociception

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5
Q

what is the sensation for thermoreceptor?

A

hot and cold

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6
Q

what is the physiological mechanism for touch?

A

mechanoreception

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7
Q

what is the physiological mechanism for position sense?

A

proprioception

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8
Q

what is the sensation for gustation?

A

taste

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9
Q

what is the sensation for olfaction?

A

smell

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10
Q

are chemical signals slow or fast?

A

slow

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11
Q

are electrical signals slow or fast?

A

fast

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12
Q

what are short distance electrical signals?

A

graded potentials

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13
Q

what are long distance electrical signals?

A

action potentials

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14
Q

what is the resting membrane potential?

A

-70mv

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15
Q

what changes electrical potentials?

A

ion permeability
ion concentration gradient

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16
Q

are nerves more permeable to potassium or sodium?

A

potassium

17
Q

what is the ratio of sodium to potassium?

A

3Na: 2K

18
Q

What type of energy does the sodium potassium pump require?

A

ATP

19
Q

What does the sodium potassium pump transport?

A

Na OUT of cell
K IN to cell

20
Q

what happens at resting membrane potential?

A

membrane permeable to potassium

21
Q

what causes depolarisation to threshold?

A

voltage gated Na channels open

22
Q

what causes a rapid depolarisation overshoot

A

Na flows into axon

23
Q

what happens after Na flows into axon?

A

K channels start to open and Na channels inactivate

24
Q

what causes the rapid repolarisation?

A

K flows out

25
Q

what causes below threshold hyperpolarisation?

A

K channels close
Na channels reset

26
Q

what makes AP only travel in one direction?

A

refractory periods

27
Q

if you increase the width of an axon you get… resistance and … conduction?

A

lower
faster

28
Q

what does myelination result in?

A

faster conduction

29
Q

what nerve fibres are the thinnest?

A

C

30
Q

what nerve fibres are the thickest?

A

Aalpha

31
Q

what nerve fibres are the fastest?

A

Aalpha

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