Nephrons

Question 1

What is being exchanged in the renal tubule?

Answer 1

Electrolytes and water to give us a protein free solution.

Question 2

T/F

Urine should be free of protein.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F

Having proteins in your urine means you have a disease because your kidneys aren’t functioning properly.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Protein free solution is also called what?

Answer 4

glomerular filtrate

Question 5

The capillaries of glomerulus in the renal corpuscle do what?

Answer 5

Filter the blood

Question 6

Name the structures of the nephron.

Answer 6

Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (descending and ascending limb), and distal convoluted tubule.

Question 7

Name the 2 types of nephrons.

Answer 7

1. Cortical nephron 85%

2. Juxtamedullary nephron 15%

Question 8

T/F

Cortical nephron is mostly located in the medulla.

Answer 8

False. It is mostly located in the cortex

Question 9

Function of the cortical nephron is?

Answer 9

reabsorption and secretion of the cortical

Question 10

Function of the juxtamedullary nephron is?

Answer 10

Create the condition necessary to produce a urine that is concentrated. Secreting into the nephron lobe.

Question 11

T/F

The renal corpuscle is the 1st portion of the nephron.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What’s the name of the inner layer of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 12

Visceral epithelium (podocytes)

Question 13

What’s the name of the outer layer of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 13

Parietal epithelium

Question 14

The glomerular filtrate filters through what structure of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 14

The capsular space

Question 15

What are the names of the blood vessels in the renal corpuscle?

Answer 15

Efferent and afferent arteriole

Question 16

T/F

The blood enters through the efferent arteriole.

Answer 16

False. It enters through the afferent arteriole

• • note A for arriving and afferent
• • note E for exiting and efferent

Question 17

What’s the function of the vascular pole?

Answer 17

To hold the blood vessels. Efferent and afferent arteriole

Question 18

T/F

The distal convoluted tubule comes around and sits between the two arterioles.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is the renal tubule?

Answer 19

A passageway that begins in the renal corpuscle and ends at the start of the collecting system.

Question 20

What type of epithelium does the proximal convoluted tubule have?

Answer 20

Simple columnar ciliated epithelium

Question 21

Function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 21

Reabsorbs all the organic nutrients, ions, and water from the glomerulus filtrate.
Sodium, water, and chloride= 60%