Nephrology

Question 1

What is the treatment of Periotoneal Dialysis associated peritonitis?

Answer 1

Prompt intraperitoneal broad spectrum antibiotics!

Question 2

Treatment of Methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 2

Fomepizole

Question 3

What medication should be given alongside cyclophosophamide to reduce the incidence of haemorrhagic cystitis?

Answer 3

Mesna

Question 4

What effect on the kidneys does chronic lead exposure have?

Answer 4

Chronic renal failure and proteinuria

Question 5

What are the 6 patterns of SLE related renal disease (as per the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society 2003 classification)?

Answer 5

I - minimal mesangial
II - mesangial proliferative
III - focal
IV - diffuse
V - membranous
VI - advanced sclerosis

Question 6

What are the most commonly implicated medications in Acute Interstitial Nephritis?

Answer 6

Lactams
Vancomycin
Rifampicin
Co-trimoxazole
Sulphonamides
Ciprofloxacin
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Ranitidine
Cimetidine
Furosemide
Thiazides
Phenytoin

Question 7

What are typical clinical features of acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 7

Renal failure with fever
Arthralgia
Eosinophilia
Eosinophiluria