Nephritic syndrome

Question 1

Nephritic syndrome causes

Answer 1

Acute streptococcal GMN
IgA nephropathy
Alport syndrome
Crescent GMN
Diffuse proliferative GMN
Membranoproliferative GMN

Question 2

Electron microscopy: Subendothelial and sometimes intramembranous IgG based immune complexes with C3 deposition.

Answer 2

Diffuse Proliferative GMN

Question 3

Mutation in type IV collagen and X-linked dominant

Answer 3

Alport syndrome

Question 4

Thinning and splitting of glomerular basement membrane.

Answer 4

Alport syndrome

Question 5

LM shows fibrin and plasma proteins (C3b), macrophage and monocytes

Answer 5

Crescent GMN

Question 6

Associated with antibodies to alveolar membrane (good pastures syndrome) and type 2 hypersensitivity.

Answer 6

Crescent GMN

Question 7

Occurs after group A streptococcal ( strep. pyrogens) infection, spontaneous resolution, usually occurs in children 2-4 years old, associated with hypersensitivity type 3

Answer 7

Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Question 8

Membranoproliferative GMN:
Type 1:
Disease associations
Diagnosis

Type 2:
Associations
Diagnosis

Answer 8

Type 1;
Hepatitis B or C
Idiopathic
Subendothelial deposits with granular IF

Type 2;
-Associated with C3 nephritic factor
(IgG antibody that stabilizes C3 convertase which leads to persistent compliment activation and ultimately decreased C3 levels)
-Intramembranous deposits “dense deposit disease”