Neoplasms II

Question 1

symptoms of neoplasm assoc with what?

Answer 1

depends on tumor location and tempo not type

Question 2

kids develop ~2/3 of tumor where?

Answer 2

infratentorial space vs. adults = supratentorial

Question 3

do brain tumors metastasize

Answer 3

never but damage local and destructive

Question 4

Major players in cell cycle inhib implicated in tumors

Answer 4

p53 (regulates p21 = CDK inhibitor)
p26
PTEN
MDM2 (regul p53)
RB

Question 5

major players in cell cycle in apoptosis mutated in cancer

Answer 5

p53

BEI

Question 6

NF-1 assoc with what cancer

NF-2 what cancers

Answer 6

optic chiasm

meningiomas and acoustic meningiomas (CN8)

Question 7

examples of grade 1 tumors

Answer 7

1) pilocytic astrocytoma
2) ganglioma
3) choroid plexus papilloma
4) meningioma

Question 8

examples of grade 2 tumors

Answer 8

1) diffuse astrocytoma
2) oligodendroglioma
3) mixed oligoastrocytoma
4) ependymoma

Question 9

example of grade 3 tumors

Answer 9

1) anaplastic astrocytoma
2) anaplastic oligodendroglioma
3) anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma
4) anaplastic ependymoma

Question 10

example of grade 4 tumors

Answer 10

1) GBM
2) medulloblastoma
3) other metastasses

Question 11

posterior fossa tumors more common in what age?

Answer 11

children

Question 12

pilocytic astrocytoma genetics

Answer 12

BRAF:KIAA fusion often found in cerebellum

–> favorable feature in slow growing tumors

Question 13

where is diffuse astrocytoma typically located

age?

Answer 13

cerebral hemispheres, rarely posterior fossa or occurs in all areas that pilocytic not

30’s-40’s

Question 14

genetics of diffuse astrocytomas

Answer 14

IDH1 mutation + no LOH 1p/19q + p53/ATRX

Question 15

astrocyte + oligodendroglioma share what feature

Answer 15

both turn on migratory capacity

turn on proteins again from embryology —> so cells keep moving just like originally in germinal matrix

Question 16

1p and 19q codeletions are __

assoc with differentiating btwn

Answer 16

established genetic marker of oligodendroglial tumors

prognosis = better survival

differentiating anaplastic oligodendroglioma from anaplastic small cell astrocytoma

Question 17

difference btwn primary and secondary gbm

1) occur from
2) age
3) duration of sx
4) IDH-1 positive
5) radiographically

Answer 17

1) de-novo vs lower grade glioma
2) older vs younger
3) short vs long
4) few vs many
5) indistinguishable

Question 18

IDH1 mutation rare in ___

absent in ___

Answer 18

primary GBM

absent in pilocytic astrocytoma

Question 19

where are ependymomas typically found in adults vs children

Answer 19

adults = spinal cord

children = 4th ventricle

Question 20

meningioma if penetrate dura

if penetrate bone what happens

Answer 20

dura = occlude venous sinuses

bone = hyperosteosis