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Spinal cord LOs > Neoplasm associations > Flashcards

Neoplasm associations Flashcards

1
Q

childhood tumor affecting cerebellar hemisphere, optic nerved, hypothalamus

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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2
Q

Temporal lobe tumor

A

glanglioglioma

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3
Q

kids get this in the lateral ventricle, adults get it in the 4th ventricle

A

choroid plexus papilloma

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4
Q

well circumscribed, non infiltrative cystic tumor of childhood

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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5
Q

Histo: elongate hair like astrocytes

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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6
Q

Histo: rosenthal fibers

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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7
Q

treatment for pilocytic astrocytoma

A

surgical excision

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8
Q

Common genetic mutation of pilocytic astrocytoma

A

BRAF: KIAA fusion

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9
Q

gross: cystic, calcified WHO grade 1 tumor

A

ganglioglioma

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10
Q

Histo: increased number of jumbled, cytologically abnormal neurons mixed into low grade glial background

A

ganglioglioma

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11
Q

histo: mucin and microcysts and calcifications, perivascular non-neoplastic lymphs

A

ganglioglioma

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12
Q

BRAF V600E mutation

A

some gangliogliomas

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13
Q

papillary formation that are abundant, crowded, numbers chorioid plexus cells

A

choroid plexus papilloma

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14
Q

Two types of WHO grade II gliomas

A

diffuse astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma

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15
Q

Diffuse astrocytoma âge group

A

30s-50s

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16
Q

Occurs in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere

A

diffuse astrocytoma

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17
Q

histo: different astrocyte types, preponderance of fibrillary astrocytes

A

diffuse astrocytoma

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18
Q

IDH1/2 mutation
NO LOH of 1P19q
mutation of p53 or ATRX

A

diffuse astrocytoma

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19
Q

Which has a better prognosis: diffuse astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma?

A

oligodendroglioma

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20
Q

Age group of oligodendroglioma

21
Q

located in cerebral white matter but can infiltrate into the overlying cortex

A

oligodendroglioma

22
Q

SSx can include seizures

A

oligodendroglioms

23
Q

histo: chicken wire vascular pattern

A

oligodendroglioma

24
Q

“fried egg”

A

oligodendroglioms

25
Q 
IDH1/2 mutation
\+
LOH of 1p19q
\+
No p53 or ATRX mutation
A

oligodendroglioms

26
Q

tends to occur in ages 0-20 and adults

A

ependymoma

27
Q

kids get them in the 4th ventricle, adults get them in the spinal cord

A

epyndymoma

28
Q

most i important prognostic factor of epyndymomas

A

location, worse in the 4th ventricle compared to the spinal cord

29
Q

Commonly presents with hydrocephalus

A

eepyndymoma. Also causing hydrocephalus:choroid plexus papilloma

30
Q

Does the his to correlate with the prognosis of anepyndemoma?

A

no, the location of the tumor does

31
Q

Which has a higher MIB-1 index, an anapestic oligodendrogliooma or a grade II oligodendroglioma

A

anaplastic oligodendroglioms

32
Q

Age group for anapestic astrocytomas

33
Q

what determines the prognosis for an anapestic astrocytoma?

A

tumor cell growth rate

34
Q

how does the anapestic astrocytoma differ histologically from the diffuse astrocytoma?

A

there is an increased mitotic rate

35
Q

histo: enhancement with “fried egg” appearance

A

anaplastic oligodendroglioma

36
Q

age group for anapestic epyndymomas

37
Q

where do anapestic empyndymomas occur?

A

4th ventricle

38
Q

What determines prognosis of the anapestic epyndymoma?

A

it’s less about the his to because these tumors tend to recur and can spread distantly through CSF dissemination

39
Q

Most common age group for glioblastomas

A

50-60s, sometimes kids

40
Q

these tumors look well demarcated but are microscopically infiltrative

A

glioblastoma

41
Q

histo: nuclear abnormalities, mitotic, microvascular proliferation, and necrosis

A

WHO grade 4

42
Q

treat with temozolamide

A

glioblastoma

43
Q

Kids 3-8, especially males

A

medulloblastoma

44
Q

patternless sheets of small embryonal cells with scant cytoplasm

A

medulloblastoma

45
Q

small blue cells

A

medulloblastoma

46
Q

homer wright rosettes

A

medulloblastoma

47
Q

perivascular pseudorosettes

A

epyndemoma

48
Q

commonly presents with headache, vomiting, papilledeme, gait disturbance, nystagmus

A

medulloblastoma

49
Q

prognosis of medulloblastoma

A

good and responsive the chemo as long as there is no CSF spread

Spinal cord LOs (2 decks)

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