Neoplasia Ch3

Question 1

Top three causes of death in adults

Answer 1

CV disease; Cancer; Respiratory disease

Question 2

Top three causes of death in kids

Answer 2

Accidents; Cancer; Congenital defects

Question 3

Adults: top three cancers by incidence

Answer 3

Breast/prostate; lung; colorectal

Question 4

Adults: top three cancers by death

Answer 4

Lung; breast/prostate; colorectal

Question 5

Aflatoxin is associated with which cancer?

Answer 5

Hepatocellular cancer

Question 6

Alkylating agents are associated with which cancer?

Answer 6

Leukemia/lymphoma (side effects of chemotherapy)

Question 7

Alcohol is associated with which cancer?

Answer 7

Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx/esophagus; hepatocellular carcinoma (cirrhosis); pancreatic carcinoma

Question 8

What are the two biggest risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer?

Answer 8

Alcohol and tobacco

Question 9

Arsenic associated with which cancer?

Answer 9

Squamous cell carcinoma of skin, lung cancer (arsenic is present in cigarettes), angiosarcoma of liver

Question 10

Asbestos is associated with which cancer? What is so special to note about the incidence between them?

Answer 10

Lung carcinoma and mesothelioma. Lung cancer&raquo_space;»> Mesothelioma

Question 11

Cigarette smoke is associated with which cancer? What molecule found in cigarette smoke is especially harmful?

Answer 11

Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx/esophagus, lung, kidney, bladder, and pancreas cancer.

Polycyclic hydrocarbons are particularly carcinogenic

Question 12

Nitrosamines are associated with which cancer?

Answer 12

Stomach carcinoma (INTESTINAL TYPE).

Question 13

What foods provide an increased risk to development of stomach carcinoma?

Answer 13

Smoked foods

Question 14

Napthylamine is associated with which cancer?

Answer 14

Urothelial carcinoma of bladder (cigarette smoke)

Question 15

Vinyl chloride is associated with which cancer?

Answer 15

Angiosarcoma of liver (occupational exposure; PVC pipes)

Question 16

Nickel, chromium, beryllium, or silica exposure is associated with which cancer?

Answer 16

Lung carcinoma (occupational)

Question 17

EBV is associated with which cancers?

Answer 17

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Chinese M or African person w/ neck mass); Burkitt lymphoma; CNS lymphoma in AIDS

Question 18

HHV-8 is associated with which cancer?

Answer 18

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 19

HBV and HCV are associated with which cancer?

Answer 19

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 20

HTLV-1 is associated with which cancer?

Answer 20

Adult T-cell Leukemia/lymphoma

Question 21

High-risk HPV is associated with which cancer? Which subtypes of HPV are high-risk?

Answer 21

High-risk subtypes: 16, 18, 31, 33.

Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix; adenocarcinoma of cervix

Question 22

Ionizing radiation is associated with which cancer?

Answer 22

AML, CML and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid (generates FREE RADICALS)

Question 23

Non-ionizing radiation is associated with which cancer?

Answer 23

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma (Formation of pyrimidine dimers, normally excised by endonucleases)

Question 24

What happens in xeroderma pigmentosum?

Answer 24

Endonucleases used to repair DNA in skin with excision repair are not functional –> increased risk for skin ca