Neoplasia Ch3 Flashcards
Top three causes of death in adults
CV disease; Cancer; Respiratory disease
Top three causes of death in kids
Accidents; Cancer; Congenital defects
Adults: top three cancers by incidence
Breast/prostate; lung; colorectal
Adults: top three cancers by death
Lung; breast/prostate; colorectal
Aflatoxin is associated with which cancer?
Hepatocellular cancer
Alkylating agents are associated with which cancer?
Leukemia/lymphoma (side effects of chemotherapy)
Alcohol is associated with which cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx/esophagus; hepatocellular carcinoma (cirrhosis); pancreatic carcinoma
What are the two biggest risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer?
Alcohol and tobacco
Arsenic associated with which cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma of skin, lung cancer (arsenic is present in cigarettes), angiosarcoma of liver
Asbestos is associated with which cancer? What is so special to note about the incidence between them?
Lung carcinoma and mesothelioma. Lung cancer»_space;»> Mesothelioma
Cigarette smoke is associated with which cancer? What molecule found in cigarette smoke is especially harmful?
Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx/esophagus, lung, kidney, bladder, and pancreas cancer.
Polycyclic hydrocarbons are particularly carcinogenic
Nitrosamines are associated with which cancer?
Stomach carcinoma (INTESTINAL TYPE).
What foods provide an increased risk to development of stomach carcinoma?
Smoked foods
Napthylamine is associated with which cancer?
Urothelial carcinoma of bladder (cigarette smoke)
Vinyl chloride is associated with which cancer?
Angiosarcoma of liver (occupational exposure; PVC pipes)
Nickel, chromium, beryllium, or silica exposure is associated with which cancer?
Lung carcinoma (occupational)
EBV is associated with which cancers?
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Chinese M or African person w/ neck mass); Burkitt lymphoma; CNS lymphoma in AIDS
HHV-8 is associated with which cancer?
Kaposi sarcoma
HBV and HCV are associated with which cancer?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
HTLV-1 is associated with which cancer?
Adult T-cell Leukemia/lymphoma
High-risk HPV is associated with which cancer? Which subtypes of HPV are high-risk?
High-risk subtypes: 16, 18, 31, 33.
Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix; adenocarcinoma of cervix
Ionizing radiation is associated with which cancer?
AML, CML and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid (generates FREE RADICALS)
Non-ionizing radiation is associated with which cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma (Formation of pyrimidine dimers, normally excised by endonucleases)
What happens in xeroderma pigmentosum?
Endonucleases used to repair DNA in skin with excision repair are not functional –> increased risk for skin ca
