neoplasia

Question 1

neoplasm

Answer 1

“new growth”
A neoplasm is an abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of the normal tissue and persists in the same excessive manner after cessation of the stimuli that caused the change.
cancer=result of malignant neoplasms

Question 2

malignant tumor names

Answer 2

Malignant tumors that arise from mesenchymal tissue are usually called sarcomas:
fibrosarcoma - fibrous tissue
liposarcoma - fat tissue
leiomyosarcoma - smooth muscle
rhabdomyosarcoma - striated muscle

Malignant tumors that arise from epithelial cell origin (three germ layers) are called carcinomas:
Adenocarcinomas - glandular origin
Squamous cell carcinomas - from epithelium

Question 3

cystic teratoma of ovary

Answer 3

the presence of hair, sebaceous material, and tooth. contains parenchymal cells from all 3 germ layers (skin, sebaceous gland and cartilage)

tetratoma=benign=round margins
common in kids

Question 4

malignant?

Answer 4

if metastases are present, it is malignant! 
invasive borders (not smooth) 

other factors:
Differentiation (extent to which parenchymal cells resemble normal cells) and Anaplasia (doesn’t look like anything
Rate of growth
Local invasion

Question 5

METAPLASIA

Answer 5

a REVERSIBLE change in which one adult cell type ( epithelial or mesenchymal ) is replaced by another adult cell type.

like superman (benign to benign) ==> not malignant

can happen anywhere in the body

benign and reversible

Question 6

DYSPLASIA

Answer 6

deranged development. Proliferation and atypical cytologic alterations involving cell size, shape, and organization.

premalignant–> changes in cells genetic and controllable nature. autonomous growth
should be removed

Question 7

Carcinoma-in-situ

Answer 7

Malignancy present in cell tissue of origin

Question 8

Pleomorphism

Answer 8

variation in size & shape

Degree of pleomorphism ~ degree of anaplasia/ malignancy