Neons and signally Flashcards
What does the Na/K pump do?
Answer: It pumps 2 K+ ions into the neuron and 3 Na+ ions out of the neuron.
What is the significance of the Na+ and K+ gates in neuron signaling?
Answer: The Na+ gates allow Na+ to enter the neuron during depolarization, while the K+ gates allow K+ to exit the neuron.
What is the threshold value in neuron activation?
Answer: The minimum stimulus level required to activate a neuron.
How does myelination affect signal transmission in neurons?
Answer: Myelinated neurons send signals faster as the signal jumps between nodes of Ranvier under the Schwann cells.
What neurotransmitter is involved in emotions such as dreaming and moodiness?
Answer:Norepinephrine.
Which neurotransmitter is the most common in the brain and is involved in memory?
Answer:Glutamate.
What happens during the hyperpolarization phase of an action potential?
Answer: The Na/K pumps are ON, Na+ gates are CLOSED, and extra positive ions are pumped out, creating a larger electrical difference.
Describe the role of calcium ions (Ca2+) in synaptic transmission.
Answer: They trigger the release of neurotransmitters from pre-synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft.
What enzyme is responsible for breaking down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?.
Answer:Acetylcholinesterase
Which neurotransmitters are known to inhibit signals in the brain?
Answer: Glycine and GABA.
Which neurotransmitter is involved in controlling movement and is associated with pleasure and pain?
Answer: Dopamine.
What is the primary role of serotonin in the brain?
Answer: It plays a role in emotions such as depression, aggression, and impulsive behavior.
What phase is the neuron in when the Na/K pumps are ON and the Na+ gates are CLOSED?
Answer: Resting potential.
What role do pre-synaptic vesicles play in neurotransmission?
Answer: They release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft when triggered by calcium ions.
Which neurotransmitter inhibits signals and is commonly found in the brain?
Answer: GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid).
