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Neonatology > Neonatology > Flashcards

Neonatology Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Mothers with prior pregnancies with + GBS screen should be treated prophylactically automatically on current pregnancy

A

False- only if prior infant had invasive GBS disease

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2
Q

What should women receive if GBS+ and had anaphylactic response to penicillin?

A

Clindamycin

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3
Q

What is the biggest risk factor for preterm delivery?

A

Prior preterm delivery

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4
Q

What test can be done to confirm the diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes (PROM)?

A

Nitrazine paper test

Amniotic fluid is pH 7-7.3 compared to vaginal pH of 3.8-4.2

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5
Q

When should fetal pulmonary maturity testing be done?

A

Between the weeks of 32-39 weeks gesttaion

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6
Q

If a mom is PROM, what is the goal gestational age to be reached for delivery if baby’s lungs are mature?

A

34 weeks

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7
Q

What is HELLP?

A

Hemolysis
Elevated liver enzymes
Low platelets

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8
Q

What is an important measure of incidence of malformations associated with maternal DM?

A

Degree of hyperglycemia PRIOR TO conception

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9
Q

Which type of deceleration prenatally is associated with uteroplacental insufficiency?

A

Late deceleration

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10
Q

What is the only APGAR association to worsened mortality and severe neurologic sequelae?

A

APGAR < 3 at 15 minutes of life

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11
Q

How do you estimate the length of an ETT for a neonatal intubation?

A

6 + weight in kg

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12
Q

What are the stages of ear form development in the newonate?

A

24-33 weeks: flat, shapeless
34-35: superior incurving
36-38: upper 2/3 incurving
> 39: well defined incurving to lobe

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13
Q

What are the stages of sole crease development by gestational age?

A 
24-31: no anterior sole creases
32-33: 1-2 anterior sole creases
34-35: 2-3 anterior sole creases
36-37: creases covering 2/3 of anterior sole 
38-41: heel creases present 
> 42: deep creases on entire sole
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14
Q

What are the stages of lanugo presence by gestational age?

A

entire body: 22-32 weeks
absent from face- 33-37 weeks
present on shoulders only - 38 - 41 weeks
none present > 42 weeks

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15
Q

What is the name of the rash in the newborn defined as an ulcerated, noninflammatory, well-demarcated congenital absence of skin?

A

Aplasia cutis congenita

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16
Q

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

Between 9-18 months

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17
Q

When does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

By 4 months age

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18
Q

Which type of neonatal skull fracture has the worst prognosis?

A

Basilar skull fracture

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19
Q

What is the likely organism responsible for conjunctival purulence in the first 2-5 days of life?

A

Neisseria Gonorrhea

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20
Q

What is the likely organism responsible for conjunctival purulence in the first 5-14 days of life?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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21
Q

What is the treatment of chlamydia conjunctivitis?

A

Erythromycin x 14 days

22
Q

What is the treatment of gonorrhea conjunctivitis?

A

3rd generation cephalosporin

23
Q

What is a benign mass on the floor of the mouth due to dilatation of the salivary gland?

A

Ranula

24
Q

T/F: Coughing int he newborn is a normal finding

A

False, almost never normal

25
Q

What maternal diagnosis should be considered in a neonate with complete heart block?

A

SLE

26
Q

What is the pressure difference betwen upper and lower extremities in coarctation?

A

> 20 mm Hg

27
Q

What is the likely diagnosis in a neonate with sudden onset gross hematuria, unilateral/bilateral flank masses and thrombocytopenia?

A

Renal vein thrombosis

28
Q

Are omphaloceles are gastroschisis more likely to be associated with a genetic syndrome?

A

Omphalocele

29
Q

What are common risk factors for gastroschisis?

A

Maternal young age and drug use

30
Q

What is the possible immunodeficiency associated with delayed umbilical cord separation?

A

LAD (Leukocyte adhesion deficiency)

31
Q

What is considered an abnormally small penile length in a neonate?

A

< 2.5cm

32
Q

What is the syndrome:

  • Pancytopenia (aplastic anemia)
  • Skin findings (cafe au lait)
  • Skeletal anomalies
  • Microcephaly
  • Thumb hypoplasia
A

Fanconi anemia

33
Q

What is the syndrome:

  • Hypoplastic anemia, low Hgb and retic count
  • Short stature
  • Limb abnormalities
A

Diamond Blackfan anemia

34
Q

What is the syndrome:

  • normal/increased WBC, normal Hgb
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Absent bilateral radii
A

Thrombocytopenia with absent radii (TAR) syndrome

35
Q

What should be given to babies born to mothers with HbsAg positive? How soon after birth?

A

HBIG and Hep B vaccine, within 12 hours

36
Q

What is considered a pass on the CCHD screen?

A

Sats > 95% in pre and post ductal sats

Sats =< 3% difference between pre and post ductal

37
Q

Which antiepileptic increases the risk of fetal hydantoin syndrome?

A

Phenytoin

38
Q

What is the risk of maternal use of methotrexate in pregnancy?

A

Limb defects and craniosynostosis

39
Q

What is the risk associated with maternal use of ACE-inhibitors during pregnancy?

A

Renal dysgenesis, oligohydramnios and skull ossification defects

40
Q

What is the side effect of maternal use of streptomycin during pregnancy?

A

Hearing loss in infant

41
Q

What is the effect of maternal tetracycline use after 20 weeks gestation in neonate?

A

Tooth discoloration

42
Q

What is the effect of maternal warfarin use during pregnancy on the neonate?

A

Fetal warfarin syndrome: Nasal hypoplasia and stippled epiphyses

43
Q

What are the three categories of FAS abnormalities in the neonate?

A

Facial abnormality + Growth deficiency + Cognitive abnormality

44
Q

What is the most common cause of intellectual disability?

A

FAS

45
Q

What congenital infection is associated with abnormal teeth/bones, ID and proteinuria?

A

Syphilia

46
Q

What is the etiology of RDS in an IDM?

A

Insulin blocks enzymes necessary for synthesis of precursor of surfactant

47
Q

Which test on the amniotic fluid can be done to evaluate for lung maturity?

A

L/S ratio

48
Q

What is a side effect of iNO therapy in pulmonary hyprtension?

A

Methemoglobinemia

49
Q

What is the finding of CT with intraabdominal calcifications concerening for?

A

Meconium peritonitis

50
Q

What is the impact of phenobarbital on the development of Crigler Najjar?

A

Phenobarb induces expression of enzyme in patients with TII Crigler Najjar, decreases serum bili level

Neonatology (1 decks)

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