Neonatology Flashcards
What is IVH?
Periventricular white matter and choroid plexus capillaries rupture → blood in lateral ventricles → obstruction → hydrocephalus
What is bronco pulmonary dysplasia?
RDS and prematurity → reactive airway disease → alveolar insufficiency → PHTN
Risk factors for BPD
Prematurity, oxygen exposure, ppv
What is NEC? And what does it lead to?
inflammatory process
Anywhere mostly distal ileum and asscending colon
In 40%, surgery needed
→ FTT, malabsorption, short bowel syndrome,
What is PDA?
Common in <28 weeks
Delayed closure due to marginal oxygenation and ventilation
→ pulmonary overcirculation
Birthweight categories
VLBW < 1500g
LBW < 2,500 grams
Breastfeeding contraindications
Infant →. galactosemia, maple syrup urine disease, phenylketonuria
Maternal> tuberculosis, breast herpes virus illicit drugs s HIV, t-cell lymphotropic virus I and 2
USS measurement of amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid index = measure vertical dimensions of af in 4 quadrants and report sum of quadrants.
> 24= poly
< 5= oligo
Polyhydramnios → conditions?
Congenital anomalies : CNS, TOF,. intestinal atresia, Spina bifda, cleft lip, CPAM, diaphragmatic hernia
Syndromes → achondroplasia, klippel-feil, t18, t21, TORCH, hydrops fetalis, batter
Other: dm, T2T transfusion, anemia, HF.s nod, chylothorax,, polyuric renal disease, teratoma, nonimmune hydrops
Polyhydramnios incidence
1-3%
40% idiopathic.
25% diabetes
33% prenatal - anomaly
Polyhydramnios management
If severe, serial reduction amniocentesis
Ie. Maternal resp-discomfort, TPTL, to give steroids
Oligohydramnios
1-5% congenital anomalies-lUCR
Renal, bladder anomalies, drugs that affect fetal urination
Causes compression anomalies - club foot, hands, flattened nasal budge. Severe = pulmonary hypoplasia if from 16 to 24 weeks of age, during the canalicular stage of lung development
