Neonate

Question 1

Acrocyanosis

Answer 1

Cyanotic appearance of the newborns hands and feet in the immediate newborn period; Docks one point on apgar score;
ONLY normal in first 24 hours

Question 2

AGA

Answer 2

Refers to the newborn: Appropriate for Gestational Age

Question 3

Babinski’s Reflex

Answer 3

Stroke the plantar from heel upward and across the ball to the great toe; Expected response: toes fan and hyperextend with dorsiflexion of the great toe

Question 4

Ballard tool

Answer 4

Physical/neurological assessment of the newborn; used to determine accuracy of gestational age

Question 5

Barlow’s test

Answer 5

Assessment of newborn’s hips in which the hip is flexed and the the thigh is abducted as it is pushed posteriorly to the line of the femur’s shaft; used to detect hip dysplasia

Question 6

Caput succedaneum

Answer 6

Edematous area on the newborn skull; most often evident on the occiput following vaginal delivery

Question 7

Cephalohematoma

Answer 7

Unilateral swelling of the newborn head present within the first 3 days of life caused by collection of blood between the skull bone and periosteum

Question 8

Colostrum

Answer 8

Thin, yellow breast milk seen in late pregnancy and first 1-3 days postpartum

Question 9

Epispadias

Answer 9

Abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus on the dorsal (upper) side of the penis

Question 10

Erythema toxicum

Answer 10

Newborn rash, often to face and trunk, characterized by pustules with red base; usually resolves spontaneously

Question 11

Extrusion reflex

Answer 11

Outward protrusion of the newborn’s tongue when touched

Question 12

Grasp reflex

-Palmer/plantar

Answer 12

Newborn’s finger/toes curl in response o examiner’s finger placed in the palm or ball of foot

Question 13

Hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 13

Excess of serum bilirubin resulting from breakdown of rbc’s, leading to jaundice

Question 14

Hypospadias

Answer 14

Abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus on the ventral (upper) side of the penis

Question 15

Imperforate anus

Answer 15

Congenital defect in which the opening to the anus is missing or forms a blind pouch

Question 16

Kangaroo Care

Answer 16

Positioning the newborn and mother skin-to-skin for added warmth

Question 17

Lanugo

Answer 17

Downy hair on arms, back, face of the newborn

Question 18

LGA

Answer 18

Large for Gestational Age

Question 19

Mastitis

Answer 19

Inflammation and infection of the breast

Question 20

Meconium

Answer 20

First newborn bowel movement; greenish-black and tarry

Question 21

Milia

Answer 21

Small white spots on the newborn nose caused by unopened sebaceous glands; disappear spontaneously

Question 22

Molding

Answer 22

Elongated shape of the newborn skull resulting from overriding cranial bones to facilitate passage through the birth canal

Question 23

Mongolian spot

Answer 23

Dark bluish spot that appears most commonly on the buttocks of dark-skinned newborns that gradually fade; may be mistaken as bruise

Question 24

Moro reflex (startle reflex)

Answer 24

Newborn symmetrically abducts arms with fingers spread to form a “C” before returning to flexed position; asymmetric response may indicate clavicle or brachial plexus injury

Question 25

Polydactyly

Answer 25

Extra digit on hand or foot

Question 26

RDS

Answer 26

Respiratory Distress Syndrome; due to immature lungs and usually lack surfactant

Question 27

Rooting reflex

Answer 27

Turning of head and opening of the newborn mouth elicited by stroking lower lip or cheek

Question 28

SGA

Answer 28

Small for Gestational Age

Question 29

Syndactyly

Answer 29

Webbing between the fingers or toes

Question 30

Tonic neck reflex

Answer 30

Infant’s head turned to left, arm/leg on that side extend; same is true when head turned to right

Question 31

Trunk incurvation reflex

Answer 31

With the infant in prone position, stroke along one side of the spine; infant will curve body toward that side

Question 32

Newborn VS

Answer 32

Axillary temp: 97.7-98.6 F (decreased sign of sepsis)
Auscultate apical for full min: 110-160 bpm
(report if resting pulse is 160)
RR: 30-60 (report if RR 60)

Question 33

Neonate Period

Answer 33

From birth through the first 28 days life

Transitions from intrauterine to extrauterine life

Question 34

Focus nursing care on neonate

Answer 34

• Maintaining body heat
• Maintaining RR
• Decreasing risk for infection
• Assisting parents in providing appropriate nutrition and hydration
• Assisting parents in learning to care for their newborn

Question 35

Signs of respiratory distress in neonates

Answer 35

• Cyanosis -Hypotonia
• Abnormal pattern (apnea/tachypnea)
• Retractions of the chest wall
• Grunting
• Flaring Nostrils

Question 36

2 major respiratory risk factors

Answer 36

1. Decreased surfactant levels R/T immature lungs

2. Persistent hypoxemia & acidosis that leads to constriction of pulmonary arteries

Question 37

Ductus Venosus

Answer 37

Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava; closes by day 3 of life and becomes a ligament; Blood flow through the umbilical vein stops once the cord is clamped

Question 38

Foramen Ovale

Answer 38

An opening between the right atrium and left atrium, closes when the left atrial pressure is higher than the right atrial pressure
Significant neonatal hypoxia can cause a reopening of the foramen ovale

Question 39

Ductus arteriosus

Answer 39

Connects the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta
Closes within 15 hours post-birth
Remains open if lungs fail to expand or PaO2 levels drop