NEONATAL Flashcards
Anterior fontanels closes at _________months and posterior fontanels close at _________months.
Anterior closes 12-18 months
Posterior closes at 2 months.
What is the calculation for systolic blood pressure in a neonate?
What is the diastolic
90 + (2 X Age in weeks) = normal BP
70 + (2x Age in weeks) = hypotension
In neonates, less than 40 weeks use gestation in weeks as their minimum MAP. A 40-week neo MAP would be 40. T/F
True
How would you calculate an ET tube for a 25-week gestation baby?
Move the decimal point back 1 space. 25= 2.5 ET Tube Double the size for NG,OG, and suction cath 2.5=5mm NG, OG, suction
What is the chest tube size for a 25-week newborn?
x 4 from the ET Tube size 2.5x4=10 chest tube size
What is the 2, 3, 4 rule
2 x the ET tube size is the size of the suction NG and foley
3 x the size of the ET tube is the ET-tune depth
4 x the ET-tube size is the chest tube in french.
How do you calculate SVT or ST in a newborn?
220-AGE= max of sinus tach anything above that is considered SVT
Your patient has sharp pain that radiated to the neck and back and is unable to lie on his back and 12 lead has shown elevation throughout the 12 lead.
Paricaridits
Neonates will not demonstrate hypotension until _________ of volume is lost
25%
circulating blood volume is ___________?
75-80 mls per kilo
PALS remember IV access is limited to _________ attempts before going to __________
2 attempts or 90 seconds then go to IO
What does STABLE stand for?
SUGAR
TEMPERATURE
AIRWAY
BLOOD PRESSURE
LAB VALUES
EMOTIONAL SUPPORT
A HR of ________________ is our goal in newborn
> 100
Study this
what is the fluid maintenance for a 28 Kg patient?
68ml/hr
4cc for the first 10 kg= 40
2cc for the next 10 kg=20
1cc for the next 8=8
68ml/hr d10
4cc for the first 10 kg
2cc for the next 10 kg
1cc for the next 10 D10
What is the number 1 cause of neonatal sepsis?
A group B strep mom that has had a vaginal birth.
Septic neonates are bacterial in nature. T/F
What antibiotics would you want to use?
True
broad spectrum Ampicillin
Gentamycin
Your patient presents with telescoping bowel with a palpable sausage mass in the abdomen and jelly stool and vomiting. What is your diagnosis? And Treatment?
Intussusception
Treatment is manual manipulation if unsuccessful bowel resection is needed.
Your patient presents with forceful vomiting, electrolyte imbalances, dehydration olive shape mass in the RUQ gastric peristalsis ( ripples across the stomach).
Pyloric stenosis thickening of the pyloric valve.
treatment includes recession of thickened valve.
What is volvulus?
Presents with?
Treatment?
looping of the valve upon its self
Bloody stool weakness and poor feeding
surgical recession NT tube NPO
You arrive at the hospital and find Your patient presents with the bowls outside the abdominal wall. What is your diagnosis?
Treatment?
Gastroschisis
NPO, NG Tube and surgical closure
Describe the difference between Omphalocele and gastroschisis.
In Omphalocele the liver and bowel are outside the abdominal wall.
Your patient presents with abdominal distention within 48 hours of birth, vomiting gaseous dialated x-ray
Hirschsprung the give away is a dilated bowel a-ray and now bowel movement
Describe meconium Ileus syndrome
Associated with cystic fibrosis, Trysomi 13-18 unable to pass the meconium in a bowel movement in the first 2 days of life. abdominal swelling on x-ry
Your patient presents with copious oral secretions, coughing choking, and rattling respirations which worsen during feeding.
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Describe Choanal atresia
nasal passage narrow or blocked by bone, usually transported in a prone position
